KQ 1,2 Flashcards
In what ways are Shanghai’s infrastructure superior and inferior to the infrastructure in a typical U.S. city
Superior - they have advanced transportation systems and transit lines that are huge and could transport 5 million ppl a day
Inferior - have a low supply if water, so accessing clean hot water is difficult
About what percentage of the world’s fresh water does China have access to and where is most of it located?
7 percent. Most of it is in southern china
What is the difference between arithmetic population density & physiologic population density
Arithmetic- total number of people relative to the total land area
Physiological - total number of people relative to agriculturally productive land
How is the general arithmetic population density of Egypt misleading?
Bc 95 percent of Egyptians live on just 3% of the country’s land
Which areas of India & China are not suitable for farming
The Himalayas in India (north)
The vast interior desert in China (west)
What place has the densest population?
South Asia
What place has the second densest population?
East Asia
How many people live in East Asia, and what are the major crops of China’s river valleys?
1/4 of the world population lives in East Asia. The major crops are wheat and rice
How many people live in south asia?
1.5 billion
When is south Asia’s population expected to exceed East Asia’s total population
2030
What is the physiological density of Bangladesh’s rural areas
Between 3000-5000 ppl per mi^2
How many people live in Europe’s dense area?
7.5 million
How does Europe’s densest areas contrast with those of South and East Asia
Dense populations in Europe occur even in mountains, rugged countries. Etc. while south and east asia’s population doesnt. Additionally, Europe has more cities and towns so it has more dense areas
Define total fertility rate
The average number of children that would be born to a female over their lifetime
Define megalopolis
A term used to refer to huge carbon clusters (NYC , BOSTON)
Why isnt census data always reliable
People in disadvantaged groups are more likely not to fill out their forms
How do Erlich’s warnings mirror those of Thomas Malthus
Thomas Malthus warned that the world’s population was increasing faster than the food supplies needed to sustain it (food supplies grew linearly, pop. grew exponentially). Thomas Malthus also claimed that the world’s population was increasing too quickly that it was outpacing our food production
Thomas Malthus views
World pop is growing faster than the food supplies needed to sustain it (food prod. Is lineear)
What ppl can eat within a country depends on what is grown in that country
Neo Mathusian beliefs
Overpopulation is a real issue that needs to be addressed. Neo malthusians focus on the continuing rise of the world’s population which they see as a direct cause of human suffering
Critics of Malthus beliefs
-food growth has increased exponentially due to fertilizers, GMOs, mechanization, etc.
-globalization proved this to be incorrect, as many countries import food from other countries
Malthus’ theory was ultimately proved incorrect. Which advances could he not foresee?
Malthus could not foresee globalization connecting the world together so that countries could import food from other countries. He also could not foresee the advances of technology that allows food to grow at an exponential rate rather than a linear rate
Which parts of Malthus’ theory were correct?
The parts that were correct was that the world’s population continues to rise (which is seen as being due to human suffering) (also because of environmental costs of modern farming techniques, serious questions have arisen about future limitations on the exponential expansion of agriculture).
How is the natural increase rate calculated?
Total # of births-total # of deaths
How do opportunities for women affect the natural increase rate and total fertility rate?
Opportunities for women lower the natural increase rate and total fertility rate
Which areas of the world have the highest total fertility rate now
Africa (Niger - 7.6), Mexico, India, parts of South America
What is the replacement level TFR?
2.1
What types of countries have a high old-age dependency ratio versus a high child dependency ratio?
Countries with a high old-age dependency are developed countries (countries with a low TFR), countries with a high child dependency are not very developed (countries with a high TFR)
How are both dependency ratios potentially dangerous to a countries’ economy?
A high old age dependency ratio indicated that there is a smaller workforce that cant support retirees and the growing old-age population. A high child dependency ratio means that more money would have to be used for education, healthcare, and services for the younger population. This could also create financial constraints for families
How does immigration aid developed countries
Immigration can provide a large working population that aids their high old age dependency ratio
When is the world predicted to reach zero population growth
By 2050
Why are the southern regions of India experiencing less population growth than the northern regions
Southern regions of india are experiencing less population growth because of religious differences and beliefs in family planning as well as women having higher literacy rates, better access to health care and birth control, and higher hand ownership rates
Define crude birth rate and crude death rate
Crude birth rates - the number of births per year per thousand people
Crude death rates - the number of deaths per year per thousand people
Define demographic transition
The shift in population growth
Why doesn’t population rise in stage one of demographic transition?
Because there are high birth rates and high death rates (stabilized)
Why does a population explode in stage two of the demographic transition
Because death rates decreased due to the industrial revolution
Explain three reasons why population growth declined in the more industrialized countries.
Children in urban areas became a drain to family finances. Also women received more opportunities and medical advances were made
What demographic has an equilateral triangle
2
What demographic has an isosceles triangle
3
What demographic has an empire state building
4
What demographic has a diamond
5
