KOTZ 9e: Chapter 1 Review

Question 1

OBSERVING chemical and physical changes

Answer 1

1. qualitative observations: descriptive

2. quantitative observations: numerical

Question 2

measurement

Answer 2

a quantitative observation consisting of TWO PARTS:
NUMBER and UNIT
     20 grams (g)
     6.63x10^-34 Joule seconds (J*s)
     93 students

a number without a unit is meaningless!

Question 3

SI (metric) system

Answer 3

a decimal-based system of units
base units: gram (g), meter (m), Liter (L), second (s)
use prefixes to denote larger/smaller than base units

Question 4

quantitative observations

Answer 4

MEASURING THINGS
> properties with numerical values do NOT necessarily reflect the sample’s SIZE
intrinsic (extensive) properties vs. extrinsic (extensive) properties

Question 5

intrinsic (intensive) properties

Answer 5

characeristics of the substance itself, NOT THE QUANTITY
     density
     melting point
     boiling point
     viscosity etc.

Question 6

extrinsic (extensive) properties

Answer 6

properties that DEPEND ON THE QUANTITY OF SUBSTANCE PRESENT
mass
volume
length, width, height