Korean Letters Flashcards
ㅏ
[a]
‘ah’ as in father
아
ㅓ
[eo]
‘uh’ as in bus or gut
어
ㅗ
[o]
‘oh’ as in ago
오
ㅜ
[oo] or [u]
oo as in food
우
ㅡ
[eu]
think of ‘eu gross’ make a disgusted face ‘eu’
brother eu whats that brother
으
ㅣ
[i] or [ee]
ee as in feet or teeth / ea in peach
이
ㅐ
[ae]
‘a’ as in ‘sad’ or ‘pan’
ㅔ
[e]
‘e’ as in ‘bed’ or ‘pet’
ㄱ
[g] or [k] depending
‘g’ as in ‘go’ or ‘gap’ / NOT as in ‘genuine’ or ‘giraffe’
{as 받침 doesn’t make a sound}
가 / 고
ㄴ
[n]
n as in no or new
{as 받침, n as in can or again}
나 / 노
ㄷ
[d] or [t]
d as in study or the first t in sTart
{as 받침, t as in cat or bat}
다 / 도
ㄹ
[l] or [r]
when ㄹ at beginning of word, sounds like ‘l’
when ㄹ in the middle of word, sounds like ‘r’ but like a spanish ‘r’ (cuz that makes sense)
{as 받침, sounds like ‘l’}
라 / 로
ㅁ
[m]
m as in mom or map (can sound like ㅂ)
{as 받침, m as in beam or team}
마 / 모
ㅂ
[b] or [p]
b as in busy or baby
{as 받침, p as in cap or tap}
바 / 보
ㅅ
[s] (sometimes makes [sh])
s as in slow or sh in sheep
{as 받침, t as in cat or bat}
사 / 소
ㅇ
[silent] or [ng]
at beginning of block, ㅇ is silent (like 아)
{as 받침, sounds like ‘ng’ in song or ring}
아 / 오 / 앙 / 옹
ㅈ
[j]
j as in Jill
{as 받침, t as in cat or bat}
자 / 조
ㅊ
[ch]
‘ch’ as in cheat or chain
{as 받침, t as in cat or bat}
차 / 초
ㅋ
[k]
k as in Korea or c as in career
{as 받침 doesn’t make a sound}
카 / 코
ㅌ
[t]
t as in tape or teeth
{as 받침, t as in cat or bat}
타 / 토
ㅍ
[p]
p as in power or permanent
{as 받침, p as in cap or tap}
파 / 포
ㅎ
[h]
h as in harmony or hat
{as 받침, t as in cat or bat}
하 / 호
ㅑ
[ya]
ya as in yard or yarn
야
ㅕ
[yeo]
yu as in yummy yucky (yuh)
여
ㅛ
[yo]
yo as in yogurt or yoga
요
ㅠ
[yu] or [yoo]
u as in USA or Utah
유
ㅒ
[yae]
ye as in yes or yet
(sounds like ㅖ)
얘
ㅖ
[ye]
ye as in yes or yet
(sounds like ㅒ)
예
ㅘ
[wa]
wa as in swan or swat
와
ㅝ
[weo]
wo as in wonderful or work
워
ㅙ
[wae]
we as in western or wet
(sounds like 웨 / 외)
왜
ㅞ
[we]
we as in western or wet
(sounds like 왜 / 외)
웨
ㅚ
[we]
we as in western or wet
(sounds like 왜 / 웨 )
외
ㅟ
[we]
we as in weekend or we
위
ㅢ
[ui] (sometimes [i])
when alone, sounds like 으 then 이 (said quickly together)
when at the end of a word, sounds like 이
의
ㄲ
[kk]
‘ch’ after ‘s’ in English, like in school or scheme
까 / 꼬
ㄸ
[dd]
‘t’ after ‘s’ in English, like in stress or steal
따 / 또
ㅃ
[bb]
‘p’ after ‘s’ in English, like in speech or spoon
빠 / 뽀
ㅆ
[ss]
s as in sit or subway
싸 / 쏘
ㅉ
[jj] or [ch]
not quite but kind of like j in judge or jug
짜 / 쪼
ㄳ
followed by consonant – ㄱ only
followed by vowel – ㅅ is pronounced
(넋을 = 넉슬 -> 넉쓸)
ㄵ
followed by consonant – ㄴ only
followed by vowel – ㅈ is pronounced
(앉아 = 안자)
ㄶ
followed by consonant – ㄴ only
followed by ㄱ,ㄷ,ㅈ – ㅎ is pronounced
(않고 = 안코) (않다 = 안타) (않지 = 안치)
ㄺ
followed by consonant – ㄱ only
[읽다 = 익다 == 익따] [읽는 = 익는 == 잉는]
followed by vowel – both are pronounced but ㄱ is pronounced with the following vowel
[읽을 = 일글]
EXCEPTIONS – 읽고 = 일고 == 일꼬
ㄻ
followed by consonant – ㅁ only
[젊다 = 점다 == 점따]
followed by vowel – both are pronounced but ㅁ is pronounced with the following vowel
[젊은 = 절믄]
ㄾ
followed by consonant – ㄹ only
followed by vowel – ㅌ is pronounced
핥아 = 할타
ㄼ
followed by consonant – ㄹ only
followed by vowel – ㅂ is pronounced
[밟아 = 발바]
EXCEPTIONS – 밟다 = 밥다 == 밥따
ㄽ
followed by consonant – ㄹ only
followed by vowel – both are pronounced but ㅅ is pronounced with the following vowel
[곬이 = 골시 == 골씨]
luckily there aren’t many words with this ending
ㄿ
followed by consonant – ㅍ sounds like ㅂ
[읊다 = 읍다 == 읍따]
followed by vowel – both are pronounced but ㅍ is pronounced with the following vowel
[읊어 = 을퍼]
ㅀ
followed by consonant – ㄹ only
followed by ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅈ – ㅎ turns into ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅊ
[앓고 = 알코] [앓다 = 알타] [앓지 = 알치]
ㅄ
followed by consonant – ㅂ only
followed by vowel – both are pronounced but ㅅ is pronounced with the following vowel
[없어 = 업서 == 업써]
ㅎ+ ㄱ\ㄷ\ㅈ
ㅎ turns ㄱ/ㄷ/ㅈ into ㅋ/ㅌ/ㅊ
놓고 == 노코
좋다 == 조타
그렇지 == 그러치
ㅎ+ㄴ
as a 받침, ㅎ changes to ㄴ when the following syllable begins with ㄴ
놓는 == 논는
닿는 == 단는
ㅎ+ㅇ
if ㅎ is 받침 and is followed by ㅇ, it is dropped and no sound is made – simply move on to the next syllable
쌓은 == 싸은
좋아 == 조아
ㄷ+이
when ㄷ is 받침 it becomes a ㅈ sound when the following syllable is 이. The ㅇ is essentially dropped, and the ㄷ, which is now said as ㅈ, pairs withㅣand is pronounced as 지
곧이 == 고지
굳이 == 구지
받이 == 바지
ㅌ+이
when ㅌ is 받침 it becomes a ㅊ sound when the following syllable is 이. The ㅇ is essentially dropped, and the ㅌ, which is now said as ㅊ, pairs withㅣand is pronounced as 치
같이 == 가치
밭이 == 바치
ㄷ+히
when ㄷ is 받침 it becomes a ㅊ sound when the following syllable is 히. The ㅎ is essentially dropped, and the ㄷ, which is now said as ㅊ, pairs withㅣand is pronounced as 치
닫히 == 다치
묻히 == 무치
ㄱ/ㅋ/ㄲ +ㄴ
when ㄱ is 받침 followed by ㄴ, ㄱ is pronounced as ㅇ
적는 == 정는
죽는 == 중는
깎는 == 깡는
ㄱ+ㅁ
when ㄱ is 받침 followed by ㅁ, ㄱ is pronounced as ㅇ
국물 == 궁물
국민 == 궁민
ㄷ/ㅌ/ㅅ/ㅆ/ㅈ/ㅊ/ㅎ + ㄴ
when any of these consonants are followed by ㄴ, the sound changes to ㄴ
듣는 == 든는
있는 == 인는
몇년 == 면년
솟는 == 손는
ㅂ/ㅍ + ㄴ \ ㅂ/ㅍ + ㅁ
when ㅂ or ㅍ is followed by ㄴ or ㅁ, the ㅂor ㅍchanges to an ㅁ sound
업는 == 엄는
접는 == 점는
밥 먹다 == 밤 먹다
감사합니다 == 감사함니다
앞문 == 암문
ㄴ+ㄹ
when ㄴ and ㄹ meet, the ㄴ sound is replaced by the ㄹ sound
난로 == 날로
신라 == 실라
설날 == 서랄
한라산 == 할라산
ㅇ+ㄹ \ ㅁ+ㄹ
when ㅇ/ㅁ and ㄹ meet, ㄹ is replaced with ㄴ
종로 == 종노
공로 == 공노
함락 == 함낙
