kohlberg Flashcards
what was kohlbergs main aim to his study
to investigate how moral reasoning evolves throughout childhood into adulthood
meth- what did kohlberg use in his studies
interviews to get qualitative data
meth - what did kohlbergs study include
cross cultural comparison and was longitudinal
meth - how many participants was involved in kohlbergs original study and where were they from
75 american boys
meth - how old were the boys
ranged from the ages of 10-16
meth - how old were the boys at the end of the study
between the ages of 22-28
meth- what countries were involved in his study
great britain
canada
taiwan
mexico
turkey
proc- what was the main moral dilemma that milgram used in his study and what was it about
the heinz dilemma
heinz’s wife was close to dying of cancer and there was only one drug that could possibly save her , the drug was expensive to make but the only pharmacist that had it was selling it for 10 times the price $4000, heinz only had £2000, the pharmacist wouldnt let heinz have it for that price so heinz broke into the pharmacy to steal the drug so he could save his wife
proc - how did kohlberg use these questions
kohlberg would ask 3 of these dilemmas to each participant and would then prompt them by asking them 10 or more open ended questions
proc- examples of the open ended questions that kohlberg would ask
should heinz have stole the drug , why or why not
suppose the person that is dying is not his wife and his actually a stranger , should he still steal the drug even though he doesn’t know the person
proc- what did kohlberg do with the boys answers to these moral dilemmas
the answers were analysed and common themes were highlighted so that the boys could be catagorised into stages
proc- how frequent were the boys interviewed
every three years
proc - how many stage did kohlberg create
6 stages
proc- how many levels were there and what were they called
3
the preconventional level
the conventional level
the post conventional level
proc - what two stages fit into the first level and what were they called
stage 1 - the punishment and obediance orientation
stage 2 - the instrumental purpose orientation
proc - what was the first stage
punishment and obediance orientation
style of morality that ignores the intentions behind a behaviour and focuses on obeying rules that are enforced by punishment
example of boys answer to this - tom at age 10 sees the value of somebody’s life is determined by the amount of furniture they own
proc- what was stage 2
the instrumental purpose orientation
children view actions as right if they satisfy their own needs
case study example of boys answer - tom at age 13) said that if somebody is in pain it is better off that they are dead so they are no longer in pain but that would make her husband feel pain , this is because of the wifes instrumental value to her husband
proc - what 2 stages fit into the second level and what were they called
stage 3 - interpersonal cooperation
stage 4 - the social order maintaining orientation
proc- what was stage 4
the social order maintaining orientation
marks the shift from defining what is right in terms of role expectations to defining what is right in terms of norms established by larger social system
example of boys answer - richard aged 16 expresses his views about mercy killing in terms of the right to destroy something god created
proc - what was stage 3
interpersonal cooperation
this is a ‘good-boy good girl orientation
what what is right is defined by what is expected by others
example tom at age 16 he frames his answer on how important the wifes role is inn the family
proc - what stages fit into level 3
stage 5 - the social contract orientation
stage 6 - the universal ethical principles orientation
proc - what was stage 5
the social contract orientation
laws are seen as relative and flexible , where they are consisted with individual rights and intrests of the majority are consisted to preserve social order
example of answer - richard aged 20 considers the right that we all have to make the choice about our own lives
proc - what was stage 6
the universal ethical principles orientation
morality is defined in terms of self chosen abstract moral principles
laws usually conform to these principles but when this isnt the case , the individual acts in line with their moral compass
find - what is the stage theory
the stage theory is an account of how behaviour chnages at different ages
find - what did kohlberg find about the younger children
the younger children thought at the pre conventional level and as they got older their reasons for moral decisions became less focused and more focused on the importance of relationships with others
