Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy muscle 4 > Knowlegde Check 4 > Flashcards

Knowlegde Check 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What type of joint is the hip joint?

A

Hip/Coxal/Acetabulofemoral joint (Ball & Socket)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the movements of the hip joint?

A

Flexion/extension, Abduction/adduction, Internal (medial)/external (lateral) rotation, Circumduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the muscle subgroups that act on the hip joint?

A

Iliopsoas group, Gluteal group, Lateral rotators group, Quadriceps femoris group, Sartorius, Tensor fascia latae and iliotibial tract, Hamstring group, Adductor group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of joint is the knee joint?

A

Knee/Tibiofemoral joint (Modified Hinge or Ellipsoid/Condylar)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the movements of the knee joint?

A

Flexion/extension, Internal (medial)/external (lateral) rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the muscle subgroups that act on the knee joint?

A

Quadriceps femoris group, Sartorius, Hamstring group, Gracilis, Iliotibial tract, Gastrocnemius, Popliteus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is included in this week’s lab?

A

Plantaris*

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the overview topic of the muscles discussed?

A

Overview of Lower Extremity Muscles - Leg & Foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a compartment in the context of the lower extremity?

A

A well-defined region that contains a grouping of muscles, nerves, and blood vessels within a particular segment of the body. The compartments are separated by fascia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the different lower extremity compartment areas?

A

Gluteal, Thigh, Leg.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the three distinct fascial compartments of the gluteal compartment?

A
  1. TFL
  2. Gluteus medius & minimus
  3. Gluteus maximus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What nerves are associated with the Gluteus Medius and Minimus compartment?

A

Superior Gluteal n. and Inferior Gluteal n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the Tensor Fascia Lata compartment?

A

It is part of the Gluteus Maximus Compartment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the outer limits of the anterior thigh compartment?

A

Fascia Lata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is the anterior thigh compartment divided internally?

A

By lateral, posterior, and medial intermuscular septa.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the three distinct compartments of the thigh?

A
  1. Medial 2. Anterior 3. Posterior
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the iliotibial band associated with?

A

The lateral compartment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What borders the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Medial & posterior intermuscular septa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What muscles are included in the adductor group of the medial compartment?

A

Adductor magnus, Adductor longus, Adductor brevis, Pectineus, Gracilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which nerves innervate the adductor group of muscles?

A

Obturator nerve (and Sciatic nerve for Adductor magnus), Femoral nerve for Pectineus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the primary action of the medial compartment muscles?

A

Hip adduction (and flexion/internal rotation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the components of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Rectus femoris, Vastus medialis, Sartorius, Vastus intermedius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the components of the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Biceps femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What major blood vessels are found in the adductor canal?

A

Femoral artery and vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the great saphenous vein associated with?

A

The medial compartment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the borders of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Bordered by medial & lateral intermuscular septa.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What structures are contained in the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Contains the iliotibial band and anterior thigh muscles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Which nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Femoral nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What muscles make up the quadriceps femoris group?

A

Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, Vastus intermedius.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is the action of the anterior compartment muscles?

A

Knee extension and hip flexion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are the borders of the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Bordered by posterior and lateral intermuscular septa.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What structures are contained in the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Contains the hamstring group of muscles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Which nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Sciatic nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What muscles are included in the hamstring group?

A

Biceps femoris (long & short head), Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is the action of the posterior compartment muscles?

A

Knee flexion and hip extension.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is the role of the medial intermuscular septum?

A

Separates the anterior compartment from the posterior compartment.

37
Q

What is the role of the lateral intermuscular septum?

A

Separates the anterior compartment from the lateral compartment.

38
Q

What are the four distinct compartments of the leg?

A
  1. Anterior
  2. Lateral
  3. Posterior Superficial
  4. Posterior Deep
39
Q

What borders the anterior compartment?

A

Bordered by anterior intermuscular septum and interosseous membrane

40
Q

What does the anterior compartment contain?

A

Anterior tibial artery and vein, anterior leg muscles, and deep fibular nerve

41
Q

What muscles are found in the anterior compartment?

A

Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, and extensor hallucis longus

42
Q

What is the primary action of the anterior compartment muscles?

A

Ankle dorsiflexion and toe extension

43
Q

What are the key structures in the lateral compartment?

A

Fibularis longus and fibularis brevis

44
Q

What arteries and veins are associated with the lateral compartment?

A

Posterior fibular artery and lateral fibular veins

45
Q

What muscles are found in the posterior compartment?

A

Tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, soleus, plantaris tendon, and gastrocnemius

46
Q

What arteries are associated with the posterior compartment?

A

Posterior tibial artery

47
Q

What is the role of the deep fibular nerve?

A

Innervates the anterior compartment muscles

48
Q

What is the outer limit of the anterior compartment?

A

Crural fascia

49
Q

What is the significance of the interosseous membrane?

A

Divides the anterior, posterior, and lateral compartments

50
Q

What is the function of the great saphenous vein?

A

Drains blood from the superficial structures of the leg

51
Q

What is the role of the sural nerve?

A

Provides cutaneous sensation to the posterior leg

52
Q

What borders the Lateral Compartment?

A

Bordered by anterior & posterior intermuscular septa.

53
Q

What muscles are contained in the Lateral Compartment?

A

Lateral leg muscles - Superficial fibular nerve: Fibularis (peroneal) brevis and Fibularis (peroneal) longus.

54
Q

What are the actions of the Lateral Compartment muscles?

A

Foot eversion and ankle plantarflexion.

55
Q

What borders the Posterior Superficial Compartment?

A

Bordered by transverse & posterior intermuscular septa.

56
Q

What muscles are contained in the Posterior Superficial Compartment?

A

Posterior leg muscles (superficial & middle) - Tibial nerve: Gastrocnemius, Plantaris, and Soleus.

57
Q

What is the action of the Posterior Superficial Compartment muscles?

A

Ankle plantarflexion.

58
Q

What borders the Posterior Deep Compartment?

A

Bordered by transverse intermuscular septa & interosseous membrane.

59
Q

What muscles are contained in the Posterior Deep Compartment?

A

Posterior leg muscles (Deep) - Tibial nerve: Tibialis posterior, Flexor digitorum longus, Flexor hallucis longus, and Popliteus.

60
Q

What are the main muscles of the leg?

A

Soleus, Gastrocnemius, Tibialis anterior, Extensor hallucis longus, Extensor digitorum longus, Fibularis longus, Fibularis brevis, Flexor hallucis longus, Tibialis posterior, Flexor digitorum longus

Includes muscles involved in leg movement.

61
Q

What is the fibula?

A

A long, thin bone located on the lateral side of the tibia in the leg.

62
Q

What is the tibia?

A

The larger and stronger of the two bones in the lower leg, located medially.

63
Q

What is the interosseous membrane?

A

A fibrous sheet that connects the fibula and tibia.

64
Q

What is compartment syndrome?

A

A condition resulting from trauma or injury that causes bleeding or swelling in a limb compartment.

65
Q

What causes elevated pressure in compartment syndrome?

A

Fascia is non-extensible, leading to increased pressure within the compartment.

66
Q

What are the potential consequences of compartment syndrome?

A

Compression of vessels, nerves, and muscles, which can lead to potential damage.

67
Q

What is acute compartment syndrome?

A

Caused by traumatic injury, such as a motor vehicle accident, leading to excessive bleeding.

It is a medical emergency to avoid permanent disability.

68
Q

What is the treatment for acute compartment syndrome?

A

Surgical intervention within 2-4 hours.

69
Q

What is chronic (exertional) compartment syndrome?

A

Occurs upon exertion or physical activity, such as running, leading to swelling in a compartment.

70
Q

What is the treatment for chronic compartment syndrome?

A

Rest and physical therapy.

71
Q

What are the two groups of muscles acting on the foot?

A

Extrinsic muscles and intrinsic muscles.

72
Q

Where do extrinsic muscles arise from?

A

They arise from the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments of the leg.

73
Q

What are the main actions of extrinsic muscles?

A

They are mainly responsible for plantarflexion/dorsiflexion of the ankle and eversion/inversion of the foot.

74
Q

Where do intrinsic muscles arise from?

A

They arise from within the foot.

75
Q

What are the main responsibilities of intrinsic muscles?

A

They are mainly responsible for fine motor actions of the foot.

76
Q

How are intrinsic muscles divided by location?

A

They are divided into two groups: dorsum aspect (two muscles) and sole of the foot (ten muscles in four layers).

77
Q

What is the reference for frontal (coronal) plane movements in the foot?

A

They are in reference to the axis of the 2nd toe.

78
Q

What movements are associated with the 2nd toe?

A

Abduction and adduction away or towards the 2nd toe.

79
Q

What types of joints are involved in the foot?

A

Intertarsal/Tarsometatarsal (plane/gliding), Metatarsalphalangeal (condylar), and Proximal/Distal Interphalangeal (hinge).

80
Q

What are the movements associated with the different joint types in the foot?

A

Plane: glide; Condylar: Flex/Ext & Abd/Add; Hinge: Flex/Ext.

81
Q

What are the muscle subgroups in the foot?

A

Dorsum of the foot and sole of the foot.

82
Q

What muscles are found in the anterior aspect of the foot?

A

Dorsum of the foot group includes Extensor Hallucis Brevis and Extensor Digitorum Brevis.

(pp. 387-391)

83
Q

What muscles are part of the superficial layer of the sole of the foot?

A

The superficial layer includes Abductor Digiti Minimi, Flexor Digitorum Brevis, and Abductor Hallucis.

(pp. 387-389)

84
Q

What muscles are found in the intermediate layer of the sole of the foot?

A

The intermediate layer includes Lumbricals of the foot and Quadratus Plantae.

(p. 391)

85
Q

What are the muscles in the deep layer of the sole of the foot?

A

Flexor Hallucis Brevis, Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis, Adductor Hallucis

(p. 390)

86
Q

What are the muscles in the deepest layer of the sole of the foot?

A

Plantar Interossei, Dorsal Interossei

(p. 391)

87
Q

What is the first muscle in the deepest layer of the sole of the foot?

A

Dorsal Interossei

88
Q

What is the second muscle in the deepest layer of the sole of the foot?

A

Plantar Interossei

Anatomy muscle 4 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions