Knowledge tests Flashcards
Revolution
Define
When there is an attempt by the people of a country to overturn their ruler
Who was elegible to vote in Britain in the 1780s?
People who owned land worth over 40 shillings/year
How did Pitt become Prime Minister in 1783?
He was appointed by the King
Hovering Act (1787)
What did it do
Allowed the Government to search vessels up to 7 miles off the British coast
How much did Pitt reduce the national debt by between 1783-93
£10 Million
French revolution
Which year did this take place?
1789
France decleares war on Britian
Which year did this take place?
1793
Enclosure
Define
The combination of one or more plots of farming land to create a field
Name a key development in Agriculture between 1783-1812
-Advances in machenery
-Crop rotation
Watt and Boulton
What invention are these people associated with
Steam engene
John Winkinson
Who was this person
A factory owner
What was different about New Lanark mills?
The (positive) way that they treated their workers
Corrisponding societies
Define
Prodominatly working class political societies set up to encorage political discussion
What widely adpoted system of poor releif was introduced in the 1790s?
Speenhamland system
Approximately, what percentage of the workforce in factories were children?
20%
India Act (1784)
What did it do
Establish dual control of India with the British Government and the East India Company
What was the Civil List?
The money recivied by the Moarch from Government
When did the French Revolution start?
5th May 1789
Who was the leader of the United Irishmen?
Wolfe Tone
Irish rebellion
Which year was this?
1789
Who was King of England between 1760 and 1820?
KIng George III
Constitutional monarchy
Define
A democracy that elects a parliament but power officially sits with the monarch
‘The right to give privilages or to make appointments including rewards, honours and pensions’
Which keyword is this the definition of?
Patronage
‘The belief that a monarch rules by authority of God, not through the consent of the people’
Which keyword is this the definition of?
Devine right
The monarch is financially dependent on…
the governement
What effect did the Glorious revolutuon have on the relationship between parliament and the monarh?
Bill of rights created
(Parliament limited the monarchs power)
Why did MP’s tend to be from the Landed Gentry in the 1780s?
There was no pay
Give an example on why the electoral process in Britain was corrupt/undemocratic?
.Boroughs were small and in insignificant areas
.Votes were public
Pocket borough
Define this keyterm
Boroughs contolled by someone such as a local buisiness worker who ‘had the voters in his pocket’ due to thier dependednce on him
Give an example of a rotten borough
Dunwich
What were the major poliitical parties in the 18th century?
Tories and Whigs
How often were general elections in the 1780s?
Every 7 years
What impact did the loss of the American colonies have on Britain?
A decreased repulation/pride
Rotten Boroughs
Define
A insignificant borough in which you can become an MP by buying the land and then voting for yourself
How did Pitt enter politics?
Via a rotten borough
What was Pitt and George III’s relationship like?
Respectful
What was the Mince pie administration?
A term used by the Whigs to describe Pitt’s early administration, which they did not believe would last past Christmas
Who had the majority in the 1784 general election?
Pitt
What was the main difference between the Whig’s and Tories ideologically?
Whigs were more open to change than Tories
Why was the sinking fund one of Pitt’s greatest financial sucsesses?
It lowered national debt by £10 Million
Rights of Man 1791
Who wrote this?
Thomass Paine
Give an example of patronage used by George III
Made Pitt Prime Minister
What was Pitt’s initial reaction to the French revolution?
Not overley concerned
What impact did the suspension of Habeas Corpus in 1794 have?
It allowed the authorities to arrest someone for an unlimited amount of time without naming a reason
Reflections on the Revolution in France 1790
Who wrote this?
Edmund Burke
What acts did Pitt pass to attack corrisponding societies preventing political meetings?
Combination acts 1799/1800
When was the act of union?
1801
What was the impact of the act of union on Irish representation in parlimament?
Many Irish boroughs were disenfranchised
Why did Pitt resign in 1801?
His promise of Catholic Emancipication was rejected by the King
Who became prince regent in 1811?
George III
When did George III’s son become prince regent?
1811
When did George III die?
1820
What was the impact of the act of union?
Irish UK formal union
Brought Britain and Ireland together causing the Irish Parliament to be abolished and merged with the British parliament
Name the treaty that halted the war with France in 1802
Treaty of Amines
When did Lord Liverpool become PM?
1812
What party did Lord Liverpool lead?
Tories
Corn Law 1815
What were the terms?
Price limit to be on a sliding scale
bigger harvest=higher tarrifs
Game laws
When were these introduced
1816
What was the Peterloo Massacare?
Peaceful protest in Manchester which turned violent after Governement forces were release on protesters
Which year was the Peterloo Massacre?
1819
Which legislation was passed by Lord Liverpool as a result of the Peterloo Massacre?
Six acts
What was the Cato street conspiracy?
A plan to kill the entire Tory cabinet
What year was the Cato street conspiracy?
1820
What was the Political register also known as?
‘Two penny trash’
Which radical leader published the Political register?
William Cobbitt
What year was the Queen Caroline Affair?
1820-1821
What was the Queen Caroline Affair?
Wanted status after King had banished her
came with list of demands
When did Lord Liverpool repeal income tax?
1816
Free Trade
Define
Trade without Tarrifs
Cottage Industry
Define
An industry made up of individuals making and selling items
Which more Liberal Tories entered the Cabinet during the early 1820’s?
Huskington,Peel, Canning
What reforms were made by Lord Liverpools governemt in the 1820’s?
Prision reform
Cobination act repeal
When did Pitt introduce the sinking fund?
1786
When was Catholic emancipication passed?
1829
Which prime minister passed catholic emancipication?
Wellington
Which organisation did Daniel O’Connell lead
Catholic association
What annual income did a county member standing for parliament have to have?
£600/£300
How many people’s worth of food was an average farm worker producing by 1800?
4 people
When were the combination acts introduced?
1799/1800
In which year did the Spa Fields meeting take place?
1816
Who replaced Lord Liverpool as Prime Minister?
(1827)
Canning
Which 1795 act prevented French agents from coming to Britain?
Aliens Act
Which year was Income tax first introduced?
1789
The 1815 corn law stipulated that no foreign corn could be imported until the home price reached what?
80 shillings
What was Catholic emancipation?
The right for Catholics to vote and sit in parliament
Which year was the Great Reform Act passed?
1832
Which Prime Minister passed the Great Reform Act?
Earl Grey
What was the Prime Ministers intentions in passing the Great Reform Act?
Update Britain’s outdated Governmental system
Which party did Earl Grey lead?
Whigs
When did the Whig’s come to power under Earl Grey?
1830
How did Urban Unrest contribute to the passing of the Great Reform Act?
Rioting in 1831 when the bill was first rejected convinced the Government of the Bill’s importance
Give 3 problems with the political system prior to the Great Reform Act?
- Rotten/pocket boroughs
- High voting requirements
- New Industrial tows lacked representation in parliament
Give 3 positive changes introduced by the Great Reform Act
- Extended Franchise
- Abolition of Rotten Boroughs
- Parliamentry representation reallocated to new urban areas such as Liverpool
Give 3 problems that still existed following the passing of the Great Reform Act
- Lack of a secret vote
- Lack of Female franchise
- Different workloads for different MP’s
Which class group benefitted the most form the passing of the Great Reform Act?
Middle Class
Define Franchise
The right to vote
What was thew May days crisis?
Period of significant social unrest after the third attempt to pass the Great Reform Act was blocked in the House of Lords
When were the corn laws introduced?
1815
When were the Combination acts repealed?
1824
Which year was Habeas Corpus suspended?
Following an attack on the king’s coach
1817
What position was held by Peel between 1822-27 and 1828-30?
Home secetry
Which measures were passed in 1819 in response to the exceptionally high levels of unrest?
Six acts
Which Prime Minister replaced Lord Liverpool?
Canning
Who was PM between 1828 and 1830?
Wellington
Who won the County Clare by-election?
O’connell
When were the Test and Corporations acts repealed?
1828
What did the Test and Corporation acts do?
Prevent non conformists from holding office
When was the Metropoliton police act passed?
1829
How much did Coal and pig Iorn prodution increase between 1815 and 1830?
It doubled
What percentage exports were textiles during the 1830’s?
(British)
70%
Which figure developed the hot-air blast furnice in 1828?
James Beaumont Neilson
Who was the engeneer of the Liverpool to Manchester line?
Stevenson
Which year did the Liverpool to Manchester line open?
1830
What was the first passenger railway to use steam locomotives?
Liverpool to Manchester railway
Who invented the threshing machene?
Meikle
Which year was the threshing machene invented?
1778
Which system of crop rotation was pioneered by Thomas Coke at Holkham Hall?
Norfolk system
What is the term used to define a doctorine where the state shouldnt interfear with the workings of the economy?
Laissez faire
Which 1823 act encoraged trade treaties with other countries under agreement of mutual tarriff reductions?
Reciprococy Act
When was the Reciprococy act passed?
1823
Which year was Britains first census?
1801
Which system of poor relief was viewed as largely unsatisfactory buy the 1830’s?
Speenhamland system
What terms was used to describe the outbursts of machine-breaking that began in Nottinghamshire in 1811?
Luddism
Which orator and political reform supporter spoke at both Spa fields and St Peters fields?
Hunt
What was the series of disturbances and threats against landowneres in June 1830 known as?
Swing riots
Which philanthropist helped push through legislation to make the treatment of women more humane in prisions?
Elizabeth Fry
When was the Slave Trade Act passed?
1807
When was the abolition of slavery act passed?
1838
What was Fox’s initial reaction to the French Revolution?
(Leader of the Whigs)
“Greatest event to have ever happened”
Which year was Reflections on the revolution in France published?
1790
Which year was the Rights of Man first published?
1791
Who set up the London Corresponding Society in 1792?
Harding
When was the London Corresponding society set up by Harding?
1792
When was the French King, Louis XVI, executed?
1793
Which acts were passed by gevernment in reaction to the events in France 1792-95?
- Sedicious meetings act
- Treasonable preactices act
What impact did the French revolution have on Irish radicalism?
Increased
Which society was formed in 1791 Ireland?
United Irishmen
Which act was passed in 1793 in order to dampen catholic enthusiam for reform?
Catholic relief act
What occured in Ireland in 1798?
An uprising
What was the Levee en Masse act?
Required list of men that would be able to fight in a war if needed
When did Nelon beat the French?
Battle of Trafalgar
1805
What were the Berlin and Milan decrees?
Declared Britain in a state of blockade
What was Britains response to the Berlin and Milan decrees?
To trade with other countries and establish a blockade the opposite way
When was the Battle of Waterloo?
1815
When did the Wars with France end?
1809
When did the Bank of England suspend payments in Gold?
1797
What did National debt stand at in 1801?
£456 million
What did the national debt stand at in 1815?
£876 million
In which year was Habeas corpus suspended after an attack on the Prince Regents coach?
1817
Who developed the Hot air blast furnace in 1828?
Nielson
Who was the engeneer of the First passenger railway(Liverpool to Manchester line)?
Robert/George Stephenson
What was the 1825 Amending Act?
Act wich meade trade unions unable to disrupt of intimidate, only negotiate
What was the key point of the Tamworth Manifesto?
Conservatives would reform but only gradually and when required
When was the Poor Law amendment act?
1834
What is the group of 6 laboureres who in 1834 travelled to Australia known as?
Tolpuddle Martyrs
When was the Municipal corporations act?
1835
What percentage of the Adult male population could vote after the Great Reform Act?
20%
When was the start of the Irish Famine?
1845
What was the Impact of the Corn Law repeal on the Conservatives?
Lost next election as landowners refused to vote for them
Give an example of a change to agriculture between 1832-1846?
Extended Enclosure
Give an example of continuity experienced by agriculture between 1832-46
Still employed farm labourers
Which locomotive started operation at Tyneside Colliery by 1812?
Puffing Billy
Which engeneer designed the Stockton to Darlington line in 1825?
Robert Stevenson
When did the First passenger railway line open?
1830
Why was the Railway a key development of the Industiral age?
Allowed faster movement of goods
(benificial for the export market)
Who designed the Clifton suspension bridge and the ‘Great Western’ steam ship?
Brunel
Which entrepenur was known as ‘The railway king’?
George Hudson
How many miles of Railway track were laid by 1832?
100
How many miles of railway were there in 1846?
4000
What impact did the Railway have on Agriculture?
It allowed for fresh produce to be deliverd to large population centers in order the be sold.
