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Germany essays booklet 3 > Knowledge test > Flashcards

Knowledge test Flashcards

1
Q

When were trade unions banned, what replaced them and how many members did old trade unions have??

A

2nd may 1933, DAF, 4 million

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2
Q

What % of the youth were in Hitler youth movements in 1932 and then 1934, and when was involvement compulsory??

A

1932-1.5%
1934-46.5%
compulsory in 1939

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3
Q

who became minister of culture, education and science and when did education become state ran??

A

Bernhard Rust, 1934

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4
Q

What was popular about the Hitler youth??

A

The physical education, camping, German patriotism

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5
Q

When was the reichstag fire and what legislation came out of it??

A

27th Feb 1933

-Law for the protection of the people and state which suspended civil liberties

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6
Q

How was the reichstag fire used in Hitler’s consolidation

A

Communists were blamed for the fire, so civil liberties were suspended and the role of the government strengthened, giving Hitler more clout.

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7
Q

When were the elections held during consolidation and how were Nazi chances improved??

A

5th march 1933, thugs stood outside voting booths to intimidate voters and radio and police taken over by government to persuade voters

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8
Q

what % of the vote did the Nazis get and what was the % turnout??

A

Nazi’s- 44%

Turnout- 89%

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9
Q

When was the enabling act and what did it do?

A

Enabling act 24th March-

-Gave emergency powers to government for 4 years, banned KPD, Hitler could pass laws without parliamentary consultation

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10
Q

When was the law for the reconstruction of the state and what did it do??

A

January 1934

  • Elected state assemblies dissolved
  • Nazi Gauleiter created to run states
  • SA violence used to overthrow local governments
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11
Q

When was the night of the long knives and how many SA members were killed??

A

30th June 1934

200-400

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12
Q

Who did hitler use in the night of the long knives and what were his motivations??

A

The SS led by Himmler, gave them their own organisation in the party

  • Hitler feared a putsch from army leader Röhm and believed he was getting to powerful, as SA had a million members and the army only had 300,000 members
  • Went against Furherprinzip (second revolution)
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13
Q

What resulted after the night of the long knives??

A

Hitler merged the army and the SA, making himself leader, 1 million troops with 1 million reserves

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14
Q

When did Hindenberg die and what did Hitler do the day after

A

Died 2nd August 1934, Hitler made all army members swear allegiance to HIM

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15
Q

when was the law against the formation of new parties??

A

14th July 1933, Germany becomes one party state

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16
Q

When was the law for the restoration of the civil service and what did it do??

A

7th April- removed ‘hostile’ elements from the civil service ie jews and political opponents accounting for 5%

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17
Q

When was the jewish shop boycott??

A

April 1st 1933

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18
Q

When did Hitler become chancellor and what 2 Nazi members were in his cabinet??

A

30th January 1933

Frick, Göering and himself

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19
Q

How did hitler facilitate the takeover by the DAF??

A

made may 1st a national holiday to appease workers.

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20
Q

What incentives/ gifts were given to women to encourage them to have children??

A
  • 25800 litres of milk
  • 1500 grocery packages
  • 172 sets of baby clothes
  • mothers cross (bronze 4,silver 6, gold 8)
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21
Q

When were women banned from civil service/medical jobs work and when were they banned from legal positions??

A

1933 and 1936

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22
Q

What organisation was set up to help traditional rural women and what did it provide for them??

A
  • NSV (national socialist welfare organisation)

- vast expansion of health offices, improved sanitation, genetic and racial care

23
Q

What was the former name given to the now repressed women under nazi Germany??

A

Weimar women

24
Q

what % of school time was devoted to physical education and why did the youth like this??

A

15%, prepared them more for army work, hitler youth emphasised male military roles

25
Q

what subjects were prioritised in schools??

A

Physical education, biology (racial nazi theory), prussian history/ nationalism

26
Q

What schools were set up to prepare some of the youth for politics and how many of each??

A

10 Adolf Hitler schools

21 national political educational institutions

27
Q

what was the youth group created for young girls 14-18??

A

BDM/ league of German girls

28
Q

What % of the youth were involved in youth movements in 1938

A

77%

29
Q

How did the number of students in higher education prior to the war??

A

halved

30
Q

What % of teachers were in the nazi party by 1936??

A

32%

31
Q

How many KDF holidays were there in 1934 and 1938

A

2.3 million to 10.3 million

32
Q

How many paid and voluntary jobs did KDF holidays provide??

A

7000 jobs, 135,000 voluntary positions

33
Q

How many workers were unemployed out of the whole number of male workers in 1939??

A

35,000 out of 25million males

34
Q

When did real wages reach 1929 levels??

A

1939

35
Q

Who created the term rural utopia??

A

Darre

36
Q

What was ‘blood and soil’

A

a favourable nazi peasantry lifestyle where men and women upheld traditional roles

37
Q

How many times did the cabinet meet in 1933 and then in 1935 and what prompted this change??

A

1933-72
1935-12

the enabling act weakened the power of the cabinet as hitler was able to pass legislation without consulting the president. All decisions were therefore dependant on Hitlers choice

38
Q

evidence of hitler hating bureaucracy and being lazy

A
  • hated berlin
  • cabinet meetings decline from 72 in 1933 to 12 in 1935
  • slept in late
  • spent most of his time in his Bavarian retreat.
39
Q

Examples of confusion in the nazi party??

A
  • Hitler often created party institutions which overlapped with state institutions
  • instead of using the ministry of transport to build the autobahn in 1933, he created the position of general inspector of German roads, headed by Fritz Todt
  • Head of DAF Robert Ley tried to influence economic affairs, but from 1934 schact was in charge of economics despite not being a member of the nazi party
  • State Gauleiters often clashed with Frick; minister of the interior
40
Q

What was the ‘volksgemeinschaft’

A

Overcoming old German divisions and bring about a collective nazi national identity

41
Q

When were the Nuremberg laws and what key policies did they introduce??

A

1935-

  • Jews could not display the German flag
  • illegal for germans to be married or have sex
  • Jews classes as ‘subjects’ instead of citizens
  • Jewish war veterans removed from employment
42
Q

What benefits were given to agricultural workers under the nazi regime in the short term?

A
  • farm debts and mortgages written off
  • interest rates kept low
  • Reich food estate from 1933 supported agricultural production and kept food prices low.
43
Q

How were farmers annoyed by the nazis in the long term??

A

-darres drive to reverse industrialisation and created the rural utopia was largely ignored in favour of war related industries and farms were subsequently taken away from farmers

44
Q

What aspects of hitlers approach to government suggests he was a weak dictator?

A
  • Hatred of Berlin
  • spending time in Berghof
  • delegating to his ministers eg Goebells for propaganda
  • minsters had overlapping jobs eg Schact who wasn’t a nazi was minister for economics, and clashed with Robert Ley and Göring as plenipotentiary leader
  • focusing on rearmament and hating bureaucracy
45
Q

What aspects of Hitlers vision made him seem like a strong dictator?

A
  • Ideas of Führerprinzip, opposing anyone any challenged him ie Roehm in the night of the long knives
  • control after Hindenberg died, making everyone swear allegiance to him
46
Q

What aspects of Hitlers government made him seem like a strong dictator?

A

-the enabling act
-the fact that parties dissolved themselves after he banned the KPD and before law against formation of new parties in July
-Lammers giving him a direct link to all other Nazi ministers
-he met his ministers 72 times in 1933 and only 12 in 1935 suggesting he’s pursuing increasingly dictator like leadership
-

47
Q

What aspects of Hitlers system of government suggests he was a weak dictator?

A
  • Reactionary policies ie the Nuremberg laws and the night of the long knives, conceded to pressure from other nazis to change his nuremberg speech
  • his peoples courts which paralleled the state courts tried 16,000 cases and were biased towards the right wing and harsh against the left
  • Gauleiter were used to control germany on a state level after law for reconstruction of the state in January 1934,
48
Q

Who are the 3 historians that debate hitler and who thinks what?

A

Kershaw- thinks hitlers a dictator who does not dictate
Bullock disagrees with hitler
Burleigh thinks its a mixture ie Hitler dictates when he’s concerned with the matter ie army but wasn’t bothered about agriculture so only met Darre twice

49
Q

Examples of Hitlers control over the army (system of government strength)

A
  • 1933 he proclaimed that the SA couldn’t carry guns and only the army could
  • 1934 he limited political agitation activities of the SA
  • removed blomberg and Fritsch as leaders of the army in 1937 after opposing his foreign policy
50
Q

When was the Jewish shop boycott and why did it fail?

A

1st April 1933
-SA men stood outside Jewish businesses to discourage Germans using them but they continued and the one day boycott failed

51
Q

What examples were there of the gestapo controlling people??

A
  • 57% of race crimes reported by the public
  • Only 30,000 gestapo officers yet 225,000 people sentenced to 600,000 years of imprisonment
  • almost 80% voluntary denunciations
52
Q

How did Hitler get the enabling act passed??

A

Banned the KPD from voting on the bill, and pretended to respect the rights of the z party in order to get their support to get a 2/3 majority

53
Q

What financial backing did Hitler get in February 1933?

A

20 industrialists provides 3 million marks

54
Q

How many more nazis were added to the police before the elections and by who?

A

50,000 by Goring in Prussia

Germany essays booklet 3 (7 decks)

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