knowledge questions Flashcards
name the organelle that controls the cells activities
nucleus
name the organelle that controls substances entering and leaving the cells
cell membrane
name the organelle that is the site of photosythesis
chloroplasts
name the organelle that is the site of respiration
mitochondria
name the organelle that produces proteins
ribosomes
name the organelle that contains cell sap
vacuole
name the organ that contains cellulose
cell wall
name the organelle that contains chlorophyll
chloroplasts
where in the cell does most of the chemical reactions take place
cytoplasm
what type of cells are plant and animal cells
eukaryotic
what type of cell are bacterial cells
prokaryotic
what is present in eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic
a nucleus
name the circular piece of dna found in bacterial cells
plasmid
what’s diffusion
movement of particles from an area of high to low concentration
what’s osmosis
diffusion of water molecules from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane
what is active transport
movement of particles from an area of low to high concentration, which requires energy from respiration
state the three conditions that can affect the rate of diffusion
concentration, temperature, surface area
name 1 adaptation that alveoli have to increase rate of diffusion
large surface area
what does active transport allow plants to absorb through their roots
magnesium ions
name the adaption of muscle cells
ability to contract and relax
describe the adaptation of a sperm cell
tail for movement, lots of mitochondria to transfer to tail, acrosome enzymes for breaking down the egg
name an adaptation of a root hair cell
large surface area
write the equation to calculate magnification
magnification = image size / actual size
name one advantage an electron microscope has over a light microscope
higher magnification and resolving power
name the cell division that is important in growth and development
mitosis
what happens to the genetic material in the first stage of mitosis
doubles
what type of cells can differentiate into any type of cell
stem cells
where can stem cells be found in the human body
embryo’s or adult bone marrow
where can stem cells be found in a plant
meristem tissue
name a condition that may be treated with stem cells
diabetes or paralysis
