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1
Q

What is the commonly-accepted explanation for how the first “Native Americans” arrived in North America?

A

The Beringia Land Bridge

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2
Q

Approximately how many different Native American nations existed before the arrival of Columbus, and in what basic characteristics did they each differ from one another?

A

150 Tribes which all had different language

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3
Q

What year did Cristobal Colón (a.k.a. Christopher Columbus) first arrive in the Western Hemisphere?

A

1492

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4
Q

What two European nations were the first to colonize the Americas, and which of these two was the first to colonize in North America?

A

Spain and Portugal were the first to colonize the Americas. Spain was the first of the two to colonize in North America

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5
Q

What is the difference between a “primary source” and a “secondary source”? If given an example of a source, could you identify it as one or the other if given the context in which it is being used?

A

Primary: first hand
Secondary: second hand account

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6
Q

Why is a “Pilgrim” a “Puritan” but a “Puritan” is not necessarily a “Pilgrim”?

A

Both are protestants. Puritans wanted to reform or purify their church. A pilgrim is someone who makes a journey for religious purposes. The pilgrims were Puritans who went to the Americas.

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7
Q

How did Puritans differ from Anglicans? How did Anglicans differ from Roman Catholics? What unites Catholics and Protestants (and therefore separates them from other religions)?

A

Puritans were Anglicans who wanted to “purify” the church. Anglicanism is a branch of Christianity that formed during the Protestant Reformation. The main difference between it and Roman Catholics is that it recognizes a different head. Catholics and Protestants are united because they are forms of Christianity.

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8
Q

What kind of “religious freedom” were the “Pilgrims” who settled Plymouth Colony seeking?

A

They did not want to seek persecution because of their beliefs.

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9
Q

In what order were the Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, New Amsterdam, and Jamestown colonies settled? In the first third of which century?

A

Jamestown, Plymouth, New Amsterdam, Massachusetts Bay

17th century

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10
Q

Which of the above four colonies was not English, and which nation founded it?

A

New Amsterdam was Dutch.

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11
Q

Which of the above colonies’ founding is associated with the U.S. holiday of Thanksgiving?

A

Plymouth

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12
Q

What agricultural product was instrumental in the survival and eventual prosperity of the Jamestown (Virginia) Colony?

A

tobacco

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13
Q

What was the Mayflower Compact and why is it considered significant in the development of democratic government?

A

The first agreement of self-government in America. The idea of self-government was then important to democratic governments.

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14
Q

What was the House of Burgesses and why is it considered significant in the development of representative government?

A

The first legislative assembly in the American colonies. Elected burgesses represented different plantations.

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15
Q

Which individual is associated with the quotations “No taxation without representation!” and “Give me liberty or give me death!”?

A

James Otis and Patrick Henry

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16
Q

What was the Stamp Act?

A

A tax on paper products on the colonists by the British

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17
Q

What happened at the “Boston Tea Party?”

A

People in defiance of the Tea Act destroyed an entire shipment of tea.

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18
Q

Why would it have made no sense for Paul Revere to have shouted “the British are coming!”?

A

He would not have referred to them as British because the colonists referred to themselves as British still.

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19
Q

Why are Lexington and Concord significant towns in U.S. history?

A

That was where the first battles of the Revolutionary War were.

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20
Q

In the context of the 1770s, what did the terms “patriot”, “loyalist”, and “tory” mean?

A

Patriots: colonists against the British

Loyalist/Tories were loyal to the British crown

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21
Q

In which document would you find the phrase “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal…”?

A

Declaration of Independence

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22
Q

Who made the “Louisiana Purchase”, what did it do to the size of the United States, and what role did Lewis and Clark play?

A

Thomas Jefferson
It doubled the size of the US
Lewis and Clark led the expedition exploring the new territory

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23
Q

Who were the first four presidents of the United States (in order)?

A

Washington, Adams, Jefferson, Madison

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24
Q

Where is the Erie Canal and why was its construction so important to the development of the United States?

A

It connected the Hudson River at Albany to Lake Erie at Buffalo.

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25
What is the significance of Fort Sumter?
First battle of the American Civil War
26
What did the Southern states do (collectively) that ultimately resulted in civil war, and what is the correct way to spell this word?
They seceded from the union
27
Who was U.S. president during the entirety of the Civil War?
Lincoln
28
Who won the U.S. Civil War?
The North
29
What was “Reconstruction” and when did it occur?
Rebuilding the South after the civil war
30
What was a “Jim Crow law”?
Mandated the segregation of public schools, public places, and public transportation, and the segregation of restrooms, restaurants, and drinking fountains for whites and blacks.
31
suffrage
the right to vote in political elections
32
temperance
abstinence from alcoholic drink
33
nationalism
patriotic feeling, principles, or efforts
34
imperialism
a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force
35
capitalism
an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state
36
socialism
a political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole
37
communism
a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs
38
fascism
governmental system led by a dictator having complete power, forcibly suppressing opposition and criticism, regimenting all industry, commerce, etc., and emphasizing an aggressive nationalism and often racism
39
Destruction of National Bank / “Trail of Tears” | president
Andrew Jackson
40
“Trustbusting”; “Speak softly and carry a big stick” (president)
Teddy Roosevelt
41
“New Deal” (president)
FDR
42
“Ask not what your country can do for you…” (president)
JFK
43
The “Great Society” programs (president)
Lyndon B. Johnson
44
Watergate (president)
Richard Nixon
45
“Supply-side” economics / “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down that wall!” (president)
Reagan
46
Prior to the election of 2016, who were the last ten U.S. presidents (in order) and what political party did each belong to?
Barack Obama - Democrat George Bush - Republican Bill Clinton - Democrat George Bush - Republican Ronald Reagan - Republican James Carter - Democrat Gerald Ford - Republican Richard Nixon - Republican Lyndon B Johnson - Democrat JFK - Democrat
47
Continental Congress approves Declaration of Independence (exact date)
July 4, 1776
48
U.S. Constitution adopted as “law of the land” (exact year)
1787
49
Civil War (start and end year)
1861 - 1865
50
Reconstruction era, including end of slavery & beginning of suffrage for African-Americans (approximate time period in relation to Civil War)
1865 - 1877 (the 20 years after civil war)
51
“Progressive Era” (approximate decades)
1890 – 1920
52
World War I (decade)
1910s
53
Women get right to vote (year)
1920
54
Great Depression (decade)
1930s
55
World War II (decade)
early 1940s
56
“Baby Boom” (decades)
1940s - 1960s
57
Heyday of the modern Civil Rights Movement (decades)
1950s - 1960s
58
Cold War (decades)
1950s - 1990s
59
Height of U.S. involvement in Vietnam (decades)
1960s
60
9/11 (year)
2001
61
Inventions timeline ``` Railroad Network television Automobile The World Wide Web Telephone Space travel Network radio Telegraph Smart-phone Transatlantic commercial air travel Personal computer ```
``` 1830s/40s: Telegraph 1876: Telephone 1880s: Railroad(popularized) 1920s: Automobile 1920s: Radio 1931: Commercial Air Travel 1950s: Network TV End of the 1950s/start of 60s: Space Exploration 1975: Personal computer 1989: World Wide Web 1992: Smartphone ```
62
US Allies WWI
Britain, Russia, France, Italy
63
US Allies WWII
Britain, France, SovU
64
US Allies Korean
South Korea, the UN(16 countries)
65
US Allies Vietnam
South Vietnam, backed by SEATO nations(US, South Korea, Australia, Philippines, New Zealand, Thailand, Khmer Republic, Kingdom of Laos, Taiwan.)
66
US Allies First Persian Gulf War
Britain, France, Germany, SovU, Japan, Saudi Arabia, Egypt
67
US Allies Afghanistan
Britain, Canada, Australia, Germany, France
68
US Allies Iraq
UK, Australia, Spain, Poland
69
Which war occurred during the Cold War?
Korean
70
Which war occurred after 9/11?
Iraq
71
Which was was the last to be officially declared by congress?
WWII
72
Why was there a “Montgomery Bus Boycott”, when did it occur (approximately), whose actions precipitated it, and who eventually became the leader of the effort?
protest of segregated seating, inspired by Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King Jr. became the leader
73
What was a principal difference between Martin Luther King and Malcolm X in terms of their approach to civil rights?
Malcolm X was violence
74
Face on the penny
Abraham Lincoln
75
Face on the nickel
Thomas Jefferson
76
Face on the dime
FDR
77
Face on the quarter
George Washington
78
Face on the $1
George Washington
79
Face on the $2
Thomas Jefferson
80
Face on the $5
Abraham Lincoln
81
Face on the $10
Alexander Hamilton
82
Face on the $20
Andrew Jackson
83
Face on the $50
Ulysses S. Grant
84
Face on the 100
Benjamin Franklin
85
What is happening to prices when a nation’s economy experiences “inflation”? How about when it is in “recession?”
Inflation - prices raise Recession - prices go down
86
Why is April 15 a significant date in the American economy?
Tax day
87
Which document begins with the words “We the People”?
The United States Constitution
88
Which document guarantees freedom of religion, speech, press, and assembly in the U.S.?
The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
89
How many branches of government does the U.S. government have? What is each branch called & what is its job? Why was the U.S. government set up with multiple branches?
3 Branches of Government: Judicial Branch, Legislative Branch, and Executive Branch Legislative - Makes laws (Congress) Executive - Carries out laws (President, Vice President, Cabinet) Judicial - Evaluates laws (Supreme Court and other courts) balance of power
90
How many houses are there in Congress and what are they called? Why is the number of members in each house different?
There are two houses in Congress, the Senate and the House of Representatives. The seats in the House are apportioned based on state population according to the constitutionally mandated Census.
91
What are (at least) two examples of “checks and balances” built into the U.S. Constitution?
Example 1: The Executive Branch can veto bills from the Legislative Branch, but the Legislative Branch can override the veto. Example 2: The Supreme Court may declare a law passed by Congress unconstitutional. Because judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President, the power here is balanced between all three branches.
92
According to the Constitution, who makes laws for the U.S., and who is responsible for enforcing them?
The Legislative Branch makes laws and The Executive Branch is responsible for enforcing them.
93
What are the steps required for a bill to become law in the U.S.
STEP 1: The Creation of a Bill STEP 2: Committee Action STEP 3: Floor Action STEP 4: Vote STEP 5: Conference Committees STEP 6: Presidential Action STEP 7: The Creation of a Law
94
Who chooses the president of the United States, according to the Constitution?
Electoral college
95
Excepting those who live in Washington, D.C., what is the minimum number of governments under which each American lives (and what are they)?
3 Local government State government Federal government
96
What is the basic principle of U.S. law—you are innocent until ______?
PROVEN GUILTY
97
How many people are on a jury, and how many of them are required to find a defendant guilty of a crime?
12 people are on a jury. 6 must agree for someone to be guilty
98
True or false? The Constitution requires that each American demonstrate allegiance to the flag by saying the “Pledge of Allegiance” daily and standing for the National Anthem when played.
True
99
True or false? Public schools may not teach about religion and students may not pray in school.
True
100
True or false? The President of the United States can suspend the rights of free speech, press, and assembly when the nation is at war.
True
101
What are the two major political parties in the U.S.? Which one has the nickname “GOP”?
Democrat and Republican, GOP is for the republican party
102
What is the voting age in the U.S., what must you do before you can vote, and when is election day held?
18, you can register online, or at your state or local election office Election day is held the Tuesday following the first Monday in November. It can fall on or between November 2 and November 8. You have to be a US citizen, be 18 on/before election day, meet your state’s requirements, and had to have registered to vote before the deadline.
103
What is the purpose of a “primary” election?
Primaries select a candidate to represent the political party. State primary elections narrow the field of candidates to a single person to represent the political party during the general election.
104
Under what circumstances are nouns capitalized? Can you identify when a word has been capitalized incorrectly? You’ll need to be able to do this.
Names, places(i.e Empire State Building), titles, start of a sentence
105
True or false? The Constitution prevents the government from regulating private businesses.
False
106
Telegraph
1830s
107
Telephone
1876
108
Railroad
1830s-60s
109
Automobile
1920s
110
Radio
1920s
111
Commercial Air Travel
1930s
112
Network TV
1950s
113
Space Exploration
late 1950s early 1960s
114
Personal Computer
1975
115
World Wide Web
1989
116
Smartphone
1992
117
Creation of a Bill
House and Senate draft and introduce bills for consideration by congress
118
Committee Action
Committee studies bill, edits and makes recommendation to pass, revise and release, or lay it aside
119
Floor Action
Return bill to House/Senate to go over bill again
120
Vote
House and Senate members vote on the bill
121
Conference Committees
House and Senate negotiate and talk about bill and recommend a common version
122
Presidential Action
President must approve and sign bill. Creates public law. May veto then it'll return to Congress for reconsideration
123
The Creation of a Law
Law is issued and codified
124
13 Colonies
georgia, south carolina, north carolina, virginia, maryland, delaware, pennsylvania, new jersey, new york, connecticut, rhode island, massachusetts, new hampshire

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