knowledge assessment II Flashcards
(405 cards)
thoracic cage is composed of
sternum, clavicle, scapulae, 12 vertebrae, and 12 pairs of ribs
three main compartments of thoracic cage
airways
blood vessels
interstitinum
mediastinum
heart, great vessels, lymph nodes, nerves, fat
additional structures within the thorax
thymus, distal part of trachea, and most of the esophagous
thoracic muscles
- intercostals
- transverse thoracic
- subcostal
blood supply within thorax
arterial: thoracic aorta, subclavian, brachial, axillary
venous: various veins
pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins
pulmonary arteries
carry deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to each lung
pulmonary veins
return oxygenated blood from lungs to the left side of the heart
anterior thoracic landmarks
begin at suprasternal (jugular notch)
costal angle
angle between ribs at the costal margins located at bottom of sternum at the xiphoid process
typically 90 degrees or less
why wouldn’t you palpate ribs posteriorly?
harder to do as a result of overlying musculature so easiest to assess at vertebrae
midsternal line
anterior in center of sternum
midclavicular line
in middle of clavicle or collar bone
anterior axiallary line
aligns where arms closed
vertebral line
middle of vertebrae posteriorly
scapular line
starts closest to vertebral line right where scapula starts
midscapular line
starts in middle of scapula
posterior axillary line
runs vertically along posterior edge from top of axilla between anterior and posterior axiallary lines
the right lung has how many lobes?
3
the left lung has how many lobes?
2
RML is ausculatated using an
anterior approach, although a small portion can be ausculatated laterally
- may be difficult with women due to breast tissue
horixontal fissue
divides RUL and RML of lung
RML extends from
4th rib at sternal border to the 5th rib at midaxillary line
the lower border of right lung is
higher than the left because the liver displaces the lung tissue upward