Knowledge Assessment 1 Flashcards
the ‘total of the processes of ingestion, digestion,
absorption, and metabolism of food and the subsequent assimilation of nutrient materials into the tissues
Nutrition
Nutrients are usually divided into six different categories:
carbohydrate, fat, protein, water, vitamins, and minerals.
Three Functions of Nutrients
-Promotion of growth and development
-Provision of energy Oxygen and adipose tissue fat stores
-Regulation of metabolism
Required in relatively large amounts (>10g/day)
Required in relatively small amounts (<10g/day)
-“Macronutrients” Carbs Protein Water Fat
-“Micronutrients” Vitamins, minerals, phytonutrients
Approximately 50% of our total daily carbohydrate intake is in the form of
Starch
________ is by far the most abundant dietary disaccharide providing ~20% to 25% of the daily energy intake (in the Western world).
Sucrose
The chain length of fatty acids most commonly varies between
C14 to C24
The recommended RDAs were originally created in 1941 for which individuals
Armed forces and children in school lunch programs
What makes up the DRI umbrella?
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
Adequate Intake (AI)
Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
45% to 65% of energy intake should be from
* …20% to 35% should be from
* …10% to 35% should be from
carbohydrate.
fat.
protein.
_______ is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease infirmity
Health
_______ = the capacity to do work or produce power derived from the utilization of physical or chemical resources
Energy
_________ mandates that energy is not lost (in an isolated system), it is converted.
Thermodynamics
RMR Consumption
Skeletal Muscle =
Organs =
Adipose Tissue =
20%
75%
5%
RMR with aging roughly has what % decline per year
2-3%
Female Athlete Triad consists of:
Amenorrhea (Absence of menstruation)
Osteoporosis
Low energy availability
Total Daily Energy Expenditure Energy (TDEE) is made up of what three components?
RMR
Activity (voluntary or involuntary)
Diet-induced Thermogenesis (DIT)
___s can be defined by impaired
physiological functioning resulting from relative energy deficiency
Relative Energy Deficiency (RED)
8 categories that are probable causes to Relative Energy Deficiency (RED)
Training/Exercise
Life/Environment
Mental Health
Disordered eating/eating disorders
Nutrition
Sleep
Infection/illness
Undiagnosed clinical conditions
Type I fibers rely heavily on ________ metabolism (oxygen)
Type II fibers utilize more __________ metabolism (glycogen) for energy production.
aerobic
anaerobic
ATP concentrations can be replenished by what three categories of resynthesis:
Pcr Hydrolysis
Glycolysis
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Stored ATP will fuel us for _ sec
Anaerobic Glycolysis reaches maximal rate at roughly _sec
2
5
1 molecule of glucose being converted to 2 molecules of _______
pyruvate
_ molecules of ATP are available for 1 molecule glucose broken down.
muscle _______ creates 3 ATP molecules
2
glycogen
