** Know for NCLEX! Flashcards
1
Q
Normal BG for client receiving TPN
A
140-180
2
Q
T2D A1C goal
A
<7%
3
Q
Monitor what labs for Heparin/Enoxaparin (LMWH) Therapy
A
CBC (platelet counts!)
Monitor for hidden bleeding and thrombocytopenia
4
Q
Monitor what labs for Coumadin/Warfarin therapy
A
INR
5
Q
Normal INR
A
1-2
6
Q
Goal INR for Coumadin/Warfarin therapy
A
2-3
7
Q
Antidote for Warfarin/Coumadin
A
Vitamin K
8
Q
Antidote for Heparin
A
Protamine Sulfate
9
Q
Antidote for Magnesium
A
Calcium Gluconate
10
Q
Monitor what labs for unfractionated heparin therapy
A
PTT
11
Q
Can you mix insulin glargine with other insulin?
A
NO!
12
Q
If child less than 7 months, intramuscular injections are given where?
A
Vastus lateralis! NOT ventro gluteal. Why? Bc butt muscle is not developed yet
13
Q
Potassium max IV rate
When to transfer from Peripheral IV to CVC
A
40 mEq/hour
>10 mEq/hour = use CVC
14
Q
GTT calculation
A
mL of solution / minutes * drip rate
15
Q
Therapeutic level of Digoxin
A
0.5-2.0
16
Q
TB/ Oz./ mL conversions
A
17
Q
At what level is digoxin toxic?
A
> 2.0
18
Q
Therapeutic level of lithium
A
???? 0.5-2.0
19
Q
Meds to stop taking before surgery
A
-NSAIDs
-Antiplatelets/Anticoagulants
20
Q
Daily limit of acetaminophen
A
No more than 4g per day
21
Q
How many mL is 1oz?
A
30 mL
22
Q
Examples of EPS?
A
-tardive dyskinesia
-facial grimacing
-facial movements
-ataxia/shuffling gait
23
Q
Can you expose Nitroglycerin to light?
A
No, store it in a dark bottle!
24
Q
Acute closed-angle glaucoma
A
25
Open-angle Glaucoma
26
How many oz is 1TB?
0.5 oz
27
How many mL is 1TB?
15mL
28
characteristics of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
What causes NMS?
-Fever
-Rigidity
-mental status changes
-autonomic instability
Overdose on antispsychotics
29
What are examples of antipsychotic drugs?
What do they treat?
Clozapine
Risperidone
Quetiapine
Olanzapine
Schizophrenia and Bipolar disorder
30
Do ACE inhibitors raise or lower Potassium levels in the body?
Raise. They promote sodium excretion of the kidneys, thus raising K+.
31
Should clients at risk of thrombotic events (cardiovascular disease, CAD) receive NSAIDS?
Why/why not?
No.
Increases risk of thrombotic events and MI.
32
what type of drugs end in -dazole?
Give an example of one
Antibiotics
Metronidazole- Flagyl
33
Avoid _____ and _____ with tetracyclines (-cycline).
Antacids and dairy products
34
Protamine sulfate is the antidote for ____
Heparin
35
Vitamin K is the antidote for ____
Warfarin/Coumadin
Vitamin K reduces the effects of warfarin!
36
0, +1, +2, +3, +4
Which is normal for pulses?
+2
37
What is extravasation of an IV?
When the IV fluid gets into the surrounding tissue around the vein
38
What is dexamethasone used for?
it is a corticosteroid
-Used to treat cerebral edema associated with brain injury (Increased ICP) or tumor by decreasing inflammation
39
How often to check GRV for tube feeds?
q 4 h or before all bolus feeds
Hold if above 500mL
Add back to stomach, do not discard!
40
What is a normal gastric pH
below 5
41
What position to place someone in to receive an enema?
How high to hang enema bag
L. Lateral position (descending colon closer to bed!). a.k.a. the SIMS position
Less than 12 in above rectum to avoid too quick of admin
42
Where to direct the tip of enema ?
Direct tip toward umbilicus
43
Main symptoms of Pulmonary Embolism
SOB
Chest pain
Cough
44
Potential side effect of CCBs
Peripheral edema bc they cause vasodilation!
Like a valium for your heart!
45
Desired level of LDL cholesterol
< 100
46
Desired level of HDL
> 60
47
Normal MAP
70-100
48
What is the minimum MAP to perfuse vital organs?
65
49
What are the normal ABG values?
pH: 7.35-7.45
PaO2: 80-100
PaCO2: 35-45
HCO3: 22-26S
SaO2: 95-100
50
Normal Ca2+ value:
9-10.5
51
Normal aPTT value
????
52
Normal total cholesterol value
<200
53
Normal triglycerides
<150
54
Normal Albumin level
3.5-5
55
Normal WBC value
5-10k
56
How long can you leave blood products at room temperature for?
No more than 30 mins
57
Early signs of hemorrhage
58
Peak vs trough levels
59
What is the main side effect of CCBs?
Hypotension!
CCBs cause a DIP in BP!
60
What to NOT eat with statins?
Grapefruit!
61
When to take levothyroxine?
In the morning! B/c it increases metabolism. Would keep people awake if taken at night.
62
Dehiscence vs Evisceration
Dehiscence: Adipose tissue and epidermis split open above wound
Evisceration: entire muscle and wound opens up and bowel sticks through wound.
63
What electrolyte imbalance potentiated Digoxin toxicity?
Hypokalemia!
64
S/s of thyroid storm
(thyrotoxicosis)
Anxiety
Very high temp 105+
Extreme HTN
Severe tachycardia
Psychosis and delirium
65
Can heparin be given to pregnant women?
Yes
66
Can warfarin/coumadin be given to pregnant women?
No
67
Treatment with AWS and Delirium Tremens
-antihypertensives
-vitamin B1 (to preven Wernicke's Korsakoff's syndrome)
68
What do Calcium Channel Blockers do?
What are the 3 therapeutic effects (uses)
Antihypertensive by decreasing the strength of heart beat and slowing heart down.
1. antihypertensive (relaxes Blood vessels)
2. antianginal (relaxes heart and reduces O2 demand)
3. anti atrial arrhythmia
69
What to check before giving CCBs?
If BP less than ____, hold CCB
Blood pressure!
Hold and notify HCP if SBP less than 100mmHg
70
Main side effects of CCBS
1. headache (dilates blood vessels)
2. hypotension
2. bradycardia
71
What are the 4 defects of tetralogy of fallot?
1. ventricular septal defect
2. pulmonic stenosis
3. overriding aorta
4. right ventricular hypertrophy
72
If someone is allergic to penicillin you (CAN/CANNOT) give them cephalosporins
CANNOT!
Do NOT give a patient cephalosporins if they are allergic to penicillin
73
what is the antidote for Magnesium sulfate?
Calcium Gluconate
74
what is adenosine used for?
Adenosine is a cardiac antidysrhythmic used to treat SVT
75
Which vitals to check before administering Beta Blockers?
HR and BP. Check both!!!
76
when to stop nitro drip?
if SBP falls below 90 mmHg
77
when can a baby roll from back to abdomen?
6 months
78
when can a baby roll from the abdomen to the back?
4 months
79
when can a baby gain head/neck control when held?
4 months
80
when can a baby hold up head when prone?
2 months
81
Who is the universal donor?
O-
82
Who is the universal recipient?
AB+
83
what is the treatment for SVT?
adenosine
(also try a valsalva maneuver!)
84
what is the treatment for stable vtach?
amiodarone
85
Does an Rh- mother need RhoGam?
Yes!
86
metformin and contrast media. Hold for how long?
48 hrs before and 48 hrs after CT
87
is there a peak to insulin glargine?
NO!
