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KNES 360 > KNES 360 EXAM 2 Hip & Pelvis > Flashcards

KNES 360 EXAM 2 Hip & Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

Femur

A 
"Thigh bone"
Longest and strongest bone in the body
Landmarks:
-Femoral head & neck
-Greater trochanter
-Lesser trochanter
-Epicondyles
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2
Q

Pelvis

A 
"Hip bone"
AKA innominate bone
Three fused bones in one:
-Illium: Superior
-Pubis: Anterior/Inferior
-Ischium: Posterior/Inferior
Bony landmarks:
Acetabulum (socket)
Illiac Crest
ASIS
PSIS
Ischial Tuberosity
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3
Q

Sacrum

A

Triangular shaped
Fites between pelvic bones
Five fused bones in one: S1, S2, S3, S4, S5
Terminates at coccyx (tail bone)

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4
Q

Acetabular Joint

A 
Bones:
-Head of Femur
-Acetabulum of Pelvis
"Ball and Socket"
Very strong joint because:
-Bony architecture
-Thick fibrous ligaments
-Several muscles cross joint
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5
Q

Hip Labrum

A 
Rim of cartilage around the hip socket
Function:
-Deepens socket to keep head of femur in the acetabulum
-Provides buttress
-Increases stability
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6
Q

Sacroiliac (“SI”) Joint

A

Bones:
-Pelvis
-Sacrum
Very little motion

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7
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A

O: Outer surface of ilium behind posterior gluteal line, sacrum, coccyx
I: Iliotibial tract (IT band) and gluteal tuberosity on femur
A: Upper: Hip abduction and external rotation
Lower: Hip extension and external rotation
IN: Inferior Gluteal Nerve

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8
Q

Gluteus Medius

A

O: Outer surface of allium inferior to iliac crest
I: Lateral surface of greater trochanter
A: Hip abduction and internal rotation; HIP ER when flexed 90 degress
IN: Superior Gluteal Nerve

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9
Q

Gluteus Minimus

A

O: Outer surface of allium between middle and inferior gluteal lines
I: Anterior surface of greater trochanter
A: Hip abduction and internal rotation
IN: Superior Gluteal Nerve

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10
Q

Piriformis

A

O: Internal surface of the sacrum
I: Superior border of the greater trochanter
A: Hip abduction and external rotation
IN: Anterior rami of 1st and 2nd sacral nerves

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11
Q

Obturator Internus

A

O: Posterior surface of obturator membrane
I: Common tendon with gemelli to medial surface of greater trochanter
A: Hip external rotation
IN: Nerve from sacral plexus

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12
Q

Obturator Externus

A

O: Outer surface of pubis and ischium
I: Trochanteric fossa of femur
A: Hip external rotation
IN: Obturator Nerve

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13
Q

Quadratus Femoris

A

O: Lateral border of the ischial tuberosity
I: Below intertrochanteric crest
A: Hip external rotation
IN: Sacral Plexus

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14
Q

Gemellus Superior

A

O: Ischial Spine
I: With tendon obturator internus to upper border of greater trochanter
A: Hip external rotation
IN: Branch of nerve to obturator internus

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15
Q

Gemellus Inferior

A

O: Upper margin of ischial tuberosity
I: With tendon of obturator internus to the upper border of the greater trochanter
A: Hip external rotation
IN: Branch of nerve to quadratus femoris

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16
Q

Deep Six Hip External Rotators

A
  1. Piriformis
  2. Gemellus Superior
  3. Obturator Internus
  4. Gemellus Inferior
  5. Obturator Externus
  6. Quadratus Femoris
17
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae

A

O: Outer edge of iliac crest; ASIS
I: Lateral condyle of the tibia via IT band
A: hip flexion and abduction
IN: Superior Gluteal Nerve

18
Q

Psoas Major

A

O: Transverse Processes T12/L1-5 and bodies of lumbar vertebra
I: Lesser Trochanter (with iliacus)
A: Psoas major and iliacus muscles acting together create hip flexion and external rotation and trunk flexion
IN: Branches from Lumbar plexus

19
Q

Iliacus

A

O: Upper 2/3 iliac fossa, sacrum, AIIS
I: Tendon of psoas major to lesser trochanter of femur
A: hip flexion
IN: Femoral nerve

20
Q

Sartorius

A

O: Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
I: Pes anserine
A: FABER hip; Flexion and Internal Rotation of knee
IN: Femoral Nerve

21
Q

Pectinius

A

O: Pectineal line on pubis
I: Lesser trochanter to linea aspera
A: Hip flexion and adduction (when flexed)
IN: Femoral nerve

22
Q

Gracilis

A

O: Pubic symphysis and pubic arch
I: Pes Anserine
A: FADIR hip; knee flexion
IN: Obturator Nerve

23
Q

Adductor Longus

A

O: Pubic crest and pubic symphysis
I: Medial lip of linea aspera of femur
A: Hip flexion, adduction, and internal rotation
IN: Obturator Nerve

24
Q

Adductor Brevis

A

O: Inferior ramus of pubis
I: Superior half of linea aspera of femur
A: Hip flexion, adduction, and internal rotation
IN: Obturator Nerve

25
Q

Adductor Magnus

A

O: Inferior Pubis and ischial tuberosity
I: linea aspera of femur; adductor tubercle of femur
A: Hip flexion, adduction, and internal rotation
IN: Obturator nerve

26
Q

Adductor Hiatus

A

Allows for the passage of the femoral vessels from the anterior thigh to posterior thigh
Femoral artery and vein pass through and become the popliteal artery and vein

27
Q

Pes Anserine

A 
3 muscles: 
-Sartorius
-Gracilis
-Semitendinosus
Site for pos anserine bursitis
28
Q

Anterior Pelvic Tilt

A 
Weak/Inhibited
-Abdominals
-Gluteals
Tight/Overactive
-Hip flexors
-Back extensors
29
Q

Posterior Pelvic Tilt

A 
Weak/Inhibited
-Hip flexors
-back extensors
Tight/Overactive
-Hamstrings
-Gluteals
30
Q

Gluteal region

Piriformis Syndrome

A

Sciatic nerve pierces the piriformis in ~15% of the population
Tightness or spasm of the piriformis impinges the sciatic nerve, resulting in referred pain in the lower leg and weakness in ABD and ER

31
Q

Hamstring Strain

A 
High recurrence rate:
-Athletes who return to sport before full recovery are at risk of recurrent and possibly more severe injury
Biarticular muscle: 
-Eccentric knee extension -> concentric hip extension
Potential risk factors: 
-HQ fatigue
-Muscle fatigue
-Hamstring tightness
-Insufficient warm up
-Previous history
32
Q

Gluteal Amnesia

A

Due to our tendency to sit on our gluten more than use them, they tend to shut down in a lot of people and not work the way they should
-Consequence -> overactive hamstrings
Glute activation exercises important in prevention of injury/disease and in improving athletic performance

33
Q

Gluteal Region

Gluteus Maximus Gait

A

Cause by weakness or paralysis of the gluteus maximus
Results in a lurching of the trunk as the thorax is thrust posteriorly to maintain hip extension during stance phase of gait

34
Q

Trendelenburg Gait

A

Caused by weakness or paralysis of the gluteus medius

Results in a dropping of the unaffected side as the thorax lists toward the affected side

35
Q

Glute Activation

A

Utilize the fact that gluteal max has two main actions:
-Hip extension
-Hip external rotation
Train gluteal med as frontal place hip stabilizer

36
Q

Decreasing the Stress on the Knee

A

There is evidence that proper activation of the hip musculature may help control the knee loads during activities of daily living

KNES 360 (3 decks)

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