Knee joint peripheral structures? Flashcards
What are the collateral ligaments of the knee?
medial collateral ligament
lateral collateral ligament
What is the function of the collateral ligaments of the knee
stabilize the knee laterally, promote locking of joint
What does the medial collateral ligaments span?
Medial collateral ligament (MCL) spans medial tibia to medial epicondyle of femur
What does the lateral collateral ligaments span?
Lateral collateral ligament (LCL) spans head of fibula to lateral epicondyle of femur
Which collateral ligament is more cord like?
lateral collateral ligament
which collateral ligament is is broad and more strap like?
medual collateral ligament
how is the line of gravity when the knee is locking?
Line of gravity runs anterior to knee.
How does the femoral condyles articulate with knee in knee locking?
Femoral condyles are elliptical; in extension, flatter surface articulates with tibia.
Where are the collateral ligaments attached to promote knee locking?
Collateral ligaments attach posterior to point of contact between femur and tibia.
What collateral ligaments are at risk to be torn on side impacts to the knee?
the ligament on the opposite side
What is the anterior surface of the knee reinforced by?
longitudinal (superficial) and transverse (deep) layers of the patellar retinaculum
What is the posterior surface of the knee reinforced by?
Posterior surface is reinforced by the oblique popliteal ligament,
Where does the popliteal ligament extend from?
extends from the tendon of the semimembranosus superiorly and laterally to the femur.
what lies behind the patellar ligament?
a large infra patellar fat pad
in front of infrapatellar (single, midline) and alar (medial and lateral) folds in the anterior wall of the joint capsule.
What are the bursae of the knee?
suprapatellar bursa (or suprapatellar pouch), subpopliteal
recessprepatellar,
subcutaneous infrapatellar,
deep infrapatellar
Which bursae are extensions of the synovial space?
suprapatellar bursa (or suprapatellar pouch), subpopliteal
what are the anterior bursae?
recessprepatellar,
subcutaneous infrapatellar,
deep infrapatellar
What muscle insert onto the suprapateelar bursae?
Articularis genu muscles
What is the function of the articulates genu muscles?
they pull the suprapatellar bursae away from the knee joint during extension
where does the articulates genu muscle originate?
anterior femur
sometimes blended with vastus medialis
What is the blood supply and innervation of articulates genu?
femoral nerve and artery
What are politeal cyst are bakers cyst?
Abnormal fluid-filled synovial sacs, usually caused by chronic knee joint effusion (leakage), or bulging of the synovial sac into surrounding tissues.
in who are popliteal are bakers cyst common?
Common in children, where they are often asymptomatic and usually disappear on their own
What can politeal are bakers cyst result in adults?
they can result from tears in the joint capsule or cartilage, especially the menisci. Minor cysts treated by limb elevation and rest. Lasting cysts may be aspirated to remove fluid. Surgical excision is reserved for the most chronic and painful cysts
