Knee

Question 1

RAPID Swelling (haemoarthrosis), Pain, POP
Kick from behind
Pos AntDrawer+lachman

Answer 1

ACL – prevent ant displacement of tibia off femur

Question 2

RAPID Swelling, Pain
Dashboard injury
Pos PostDrawer

Answer 2

PCL – prevent post displacement of tibia off femur

Question 3

TWISTING - Lock + Give way 
(passive ext = imposs
active ext = poss cos pt figured out a way to unlock!!)
Tender joint line (med/lat)
GRADUAL Swelling, 
Pain ROM dec
Pos McMurray

How to investigate?!

O’Donoghue Triad??

Answer 3

Meniscal Tear
Medial>Lateral
MedMen attached to MCL+jointcaps

MRI!!!

ODonnaghue triad=Torn(MedMen+MCL+ACL)

Question 4

Hit laterally -> Leg in valgus

Answer 4

MCL ruptue

Question 5

Upright Kneeling

Answer 5

clergymans infrapatellar bursitis

Question 6

Athletic males = unilateral
X-ray – enlarged + tender tib tub

What affects inferior pole of patella similar to above condition?

Answer 6

OsgoodSchlatter
osteochondrosis + traction apophysitis = can’t extend

Sinding Larson syndrome

Question 7

Lock + Give way

Swelling + Pain worse with exercise

Answer 7

Subchondral AVN -> bone/cart detach -> microracture BUT no remodelling

Question 8

Lock + Give way
Sliding moving patella
Pain @ sitting; worse @ move

Answer 8

Patellar SubLux Syndrome

Question 9

Teen girl injured her knee
Now gets pain when going downstairs
Evidence of quads wasting

Answer 9

Chondromalacia Patellae

Question 10

Trauma OR
Quads contract @ knee stretched in valgus + ext rot
Swollen+Tense = haemoarthrosis

Answer 10

Patella dislocation

Question 11

Old person
Knee fractures before the ligaments rupture
-Fall from a height
-Car-bumper fracture

Valgus – ?
Varus – ?

Answer 11

Tib Plateau Fracture -Schatzker Classification system

VaLLLgus – LLLat plateau
Varus – med plateau

Question 12

Inverted +
Supinated
plantar flexed
Not passively corrected

Answer 12

Talipes EquinoVarus (club foot)

Manipulation + Casting STRAIGHT after birrrrrttthhhhhhhh !!!!!!

Question 13

Claw toes
pain @ walk
Assoc: CMTooth, SpinaBifida, CPalsy

Answer 13

Pes Cavus

plantar fascia release/Jones procedure

Question 14

Forefoot pain @ 3rd/4th 
Inter MTP space
Shoot/Burn/Electric pain
'Pebble' in shoe
Click @ squeezing metatarsals = mulder’s click

Answer 14

Morton’s neuroma

Avoid heels,
metatarsal pads,
refer >3m if all fails
- csteds/neurectomy

Question 15

Salter-harris; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 classes @ paeds

Answer 15

P/PM/PE/PME/Crush

P=Physis, M=Metaphysis, E=Epiphysis

Question 16

Anterior compartment nerve?

Peroneal compartment nerve?

Superficial posterior compartment nerve?

Deep posterior compartment nerve?

Answer 16

Anterior compartment nerve =
deep peroneal nerve
dorsiflex ankle

Peroneal compartment =
superficial peroneal nerve
Foot evert - perneous longus/brevis(plant flex)

Superficial posterior compartment nerve=
tibial nerve
plantar flexion - gastrocnemius

Deep posterior compartment nerve =
tibial nerve - flex toes/plantar flex

Question 17

kneeling scrubbing floor

Answer 17

housemaids prepatellar bursitis

Question 18

Anterior and medial knee pain
Worse on repetitive flexion and extension
Swell at medial hamstring insertion NO effusion
Valgus stress causes pain

Answer 18

Pes anserie

Question 19

Ottawa Knee rule?

Answer 19

Age > 55
NWB + can’t flex 90degrees
Tender 
- fibula head 
- patella

Question 20

Simmonds test
Pop in heel
Assoc with quinolones cipro!!!

Image??

Answer 20

Achilles rupture

USS!!!!

Question 21

What fractures are compartment syndrome associated with?

Answer 21

Supracondylar and tibial shaft