Knee

Question 1

Examinations of the Knee

Answer 1

•AP PROJECTION

•PA PROJECTION

•LATERAL PROJECTION
Mediolateral

•AP OBLIQUE PROJECTION
Medial Rotation

•Lateral Rotation

•WEIGHT-BEARING METHOD
AP BILATERAL PROJECTION
LEACH-GREGG-SIBER

•ROSENBERG METHOD
PA WEIGHT-BEARING
STANDING FLEXION

Question 2

PP

AP PROJECTION

Answer 2

PP: Supine; femoral epicondyles // to IR; leg 5o inward (places interepicondylar line // to IR)

Question 3

RP

AP PROJECTION

Answer 3

RP: 0.5 in. inferior to patellar apex

Question 4

CR

AP PROJECTION

Answer 4

CR: depending on the measurement b/n ASIS & table top
 3-5ocaudad (<19 cm; thin pelvis)
 ┴ (19-24 cm)
 3-5ocephalad ( >24 cm; large pelvis)

Question 5

SS: Knee joint space

Answer 5

AP PROJECTION

PA PROJECTION

LATERAL PROJECTION
Mediolateral

Question 6

PP
PA PROJECTION

Answer 6

PP: Prone; femoral epicondyles // to IR; leg 5o inward (places interepicondylar line // to IR)

Question 7

RP

PA PROJECTION

Answer 7

RP: 0.5 in. inferior to patellar apex

Question 8

CR

PA PROJECTION

Answer 8

CR: 5-7ocaudad

Question 9

PP

LATERAL PROJECTION
Mediolateral

Answer 9

PP: Lateral recumbent; knee flexed 20-30o (relax muscle & shows maximum volume of joint cavity)
or flexed <10o (for new or unhealed patellar fx); femoral epicondyles ┴ to IR

Question 10

RP

LATERAL PROJECTION
Mediolateral

Answer 10

RP: 1 in. distal to medial epicondyle

Question 11

CR

LATERAL PROJECTION
Mediolateral

Answer 11

CR: 5-7o cephalad

Question 12

PP

AP OBLIQUE PROJECTION
Medial Rotation

Answer 12

PP: Supine; leg rotated 45o medially; hip of affected side elevated

Question 13

RP

AP OBLIQUE PROJECTION
Medial Rotation

Answer 13

RP: 0.5 in. inferior to patellar apex

Question 14

CR

AP OBLIQUE PROJECTION
Medial Rotation

Answer 14

CR: depending on the measurement b/n ASIS & table top
 3-5ocaudad (<19 cm)
 Perpendicular (19-24 cm)
 3-5ocephalad (>24 cm)

Question 15

SS: Proximal tibiofibular joint; fibular head

Answer 15

AP OBLIQUE PROJECTION
Medial Rotation

Question 16

PP

AP OBLIQUE PROJECTION
Lateral Rotation

Answer 16

PP: Supine; leg rotated 45o medially; hip of unaffected side elevated

Question 17

RP

AP OBLIQUE PROJECTION
Lateral Rotation

Answer 17

RP: 0.5 in inferior to patellar apex

Question 18

CR

AP OBLIQUE PROJECTION
Lateral Rotation

Answer 18

CR: 5o cephalad

Question 19

SS: Tibial plateaus; medial femoral & tibial condyles

Answer 19

AP OBLIQUE PROJECTION
Lateral Rotation

Question 20

PP

WEIGHT-BEARING METHOD
AP BILATERAL PROJECTION
LEACH-GREGG-SIBER

Answer 20

PP: Upright; knee fully extended; weight equally distributed on both feet; IR vertical

Question 21

RP

WEIGHT-BEARING METHOD
AP BILATERAL PROJECTION
LEACH-GREGG-SIBER

Answer 21

RP: 0.5 in. inferior to patellar apex

Question 22

CR

WEIGHT-BEARING METHOD
AP BILATERAL PROJECTION
LEACH-GREGG-SIBER

Answer 22

CR: Horizontal

Question 23

SS: Knee joint spaces
ER:
 To reveal narrowing of knee joint space
 To evaluate varus & valgus deformities & degenerative joint disease

Answer 23

WEIGHT-BEARING METHOD
AP BILATERAL PROJECTION
LEACH-GREGG-SIBER

Question 24

PP

ROSENBERG METHOD
PA WEIGHT-BEARING
STANDING FLEXION

Answer 24

PP: Upright; facing vertical IR; anterior surface of flexed knee against IR; femur 45o to IR

Question 25

RP

ROSENBERG METHOD
PA WEIGHT-BEARING
STANDING FLEXION

Answer 25

RP: 0.5 in. inferior to patellar apex

Question 26

CR

ROSENBERG METHOD
PA WEIGHT-BEARING
STANDING FLEXION

Answer 26

CR: Horizontal or 10o caudad

Question 27

ER: Useful for evaluating joint space narrowing &
demonstrating articular cartilage disease

Answer 27

ROSENBERG METHOD
PA WEIGHT-BEARING
STANDING FLEXION