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Chung MI3 > Knee > Flashcards

Knee Flashcards

1
Q

Classify the tibiofemoral joint

A

Synovial, compound, complex, unmodified ovoid, 3 degrees of motion

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2
Q

What are the medial ligaments of the tibiofemoral joint

A

MCL - deep and superficial. Posterior oblique ligament (posterolateral support)

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2
Q

What structures provide lateral support to the tibiofemoral joint

A

LCL, ITB, arcuate ligament, popliteofibular ligament, fabellofibular ligament

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2
Q

How many degrees of motion does the superior tib-fib joint have?

A

3 DOM

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3
Q

Classify the superior tibiofibular joint

A

Synovial
Simple
Planar (though some variation)

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4
Q

What movements does the ACL restrain

A

Ant. tibial translation, external tibial rotation with knee flexion

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4
Q

Osteokinematics of the superior tib-fib joint (with knee flex/extn and ankle DF/PF during WB)

A

Knee flex - Anterior

Knee extn - Posterior

Ankle DF - anterolateral, superior, IR (variable)

Ankle PF - posteromedial, inferior, ER (variable)

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5
Q

What movements does the PCL restrain

A

Posterior tibial translation, external tibial rotation

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5
Q

Arthrokinematics

A

As for osteokinematics

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6
Q

Does the lateral meniscus attach the to LCL

A

No

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6
Q

Articular surfaces of TIBIA in superior tib-fib joint (location, direction, surface description)

A

Location: posterior, inferior, lateral from the lateral condyle of the tibia

Direction: posterior, inferior, lateral

Description: small, circular facet

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7
Q

Describe flexion and extension of the tibiofemoral joint osteokinematics

A

Impure swing around a transverse axis in a sagittal plane. Flex combines with IR, extension combines with ER.

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7
Q

Articular surfaces of FIBULA in superior tib-fib joint (location, direction, surface description)

A

Location: fibula head

Direction: medial, anterior, superior

Description: circular and planar (styloid process is posterior-lateral)

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8
Q

Describe IR/ER of the tibiofemoral joint osteokinematics

A

Impure spin in the transverse plane about a vertical axis.

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8
Q

Describe the joint capsule of the superior tib-fib joint (3)

A
  1. Hyaline cartilage
  2. Attaches to rims of fibular facets
  3. Reinforced by the anterior and posterior superior tib-fib ligaments
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9
Q

Name some of the knee flexor muscles

A

Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gracilis, plantaris, gastocnemius, popliteus, TLF

9
Q

Describe the neurology of the superior tib-fib joint

semental, contributions

A

Segmental - L4-S3

Contributions

  • Common peroneal (passes over neck of fibula)
  • Nerve to popliteus
10
Q

What is the primary nerve innervating the knee flexors

A

Sciatic nerve

10
Q

Vascular supply of superior tib-fib joint

A

Anterior tibial artery

ant/post tibial recurrent rami

11
Q

Name some of the knee extensors

A

Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis

11
Q

Muscles attaching to the superior tib-fib joint (proximal, mid-shaft)

A

Proximal

  • Biceps fem
  • Peroneus longus
  • Soleus
  • EDL
  • Tib post

Mid-shaft

  • Peroneus brevis
  • EHL
  • FHL
12
Q

What is the primary nerve innervating the knee extensors

A

Femoral nerve

12
Q

Articular surface of the patella (type of bone, shape, pole)

A

Type of bone: Largest sesamoid

Shape:

  • triangular (distally); curved (proximally)
  • posterior articular surface is oval and smooth in proximal 2/3 - 3/4

Poles

  • superior pole/base (proximal)
  • inferior pole/apex (distal)
13
Q

Name some of the knee bursae

A

Suprapatellar bursa, pes anserin bursa, deep infrapatellar bursa, superficial infrapatellar bursa

13
Q

Describe the area between the apex and articular surface

A

Roughened

Attaches to infrapatellar fat pad

14
Q

What is the articular surface for the patella

A

Trochlea groove

14
Q

Describe the shape of the intercondylar notch

A

Shape

  • concave medial-lateral
  • convex superior-inferior (sagittal plane)
16
Q

Patellofemoral joint capsule

A

Capsule extends from the medial and lateral tibial/femoral condyles and blends with vastus lateralis/medialis.

Attaches to patella and patella tendon

17
Q

Patella tendon (origin/insertion, dimensions)

A

Inferior pole to tibial tuberosity

5-6cm long, 3cm wide

18
Q

Where is the infrapatellar fat pad and what is it attached to?

A

Posterior to the patella tendon

Attached to the menisci and patella

19
Q

Nerve supply to patellofemoral joint (articular, cutaneous)

A

Articular (as for tib-fem joint)

  • L2-S3
  • Obturator
  • Femoral
  • Tibial
  • Common peroneal

Cutaneous

  • Saphenous
  • Obturator
  • Lateral retinacular
  • medial/lateral femoral cutaneous
20
Q

Patellofemoral joint classification

A

Synovial
Compound
Modified sellar (operates functionally as triplanar arc or TRACKING during knee flex/extn)

21
Q

Patellofemoral joint degrees of motion

A

1 DOM

22
Q

Osteokinematics of patellofemoral joint

A

Knee flex - inferior glide
Knee extn - superior glide
- sagittal planes

Variable tracking (tilting - transverse/sagittal planes; rotating - frontal plane)

23
Q

Arthrokinematics of patellofemoral joint (basic)

A

Inferior movement - inferior glide

Superior movement - superior glide

28
Q

Describe the articular cartilage in the patellofemoral joint

A

Cartilage

  • thickest in body
  • surface is not a mirror image of underlying bone
  • more permeable and pliable than other cartilage

Chung MI3 (4 decks)

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