Knee Flashcards
1
Q
Special Tests: MCL Injury
A
Valgus stress test
2
Q
Special Tests: LCL injury
A
Varus stress test
3
Q
Special Tests: ACL injury
A
- Lachman: MOST SENSITIVE
- Anterior Drawer
- Pivot Shift Test: Valgus + IROT + Extend → Hold forces while flexing knee
4
Q
Special Tests: PCL
A
- Posterior Drawer
-
Thumb Sign: Tibia rest posterior and area to place thumbs on tibial plateau decreases
- Normal tibial plateau is 1 cm anterior to femoral condyles
- Posterior Sag Sign
5
Q
Special Tests: Meniscus Injury
A
-
McMurray:
- Foot EROT: Medial meniscus
- Foot IROT: Lateral meniscus
- Apley compression/grind test: Apley distraction tests rotational instability w/ ACL injury
- Bounce home test
-
Thessaly
- Single leg stand @ 5 degrees
- Single leg stand @ 20 dedress
- Childress/Duck Walk
-
Eges Test:
- Medial: Knees 30-40 cm apart + Heels point together (Max hip EROT) + Squat 90 degrees then up
- Lateral: Knees 10-25 cm apart + Toes point together (Max hip IROT) + Squat 90 degrees then up
- Anterior: Early in squat
- Posterior: Late in squat
6
Q
Special Tests: Patellofemoral pain syndrome
A
- Patellar grind test
- J-sing
- Medial Glide Test
- <1 quadrant= Lateral tight
- >3 quadrant=Hypermobility
- Patellar Tilt test
7
Q
Special Tests: Patellar instability
A
Patellar apprehension test
8
Q
Q angle
A
ASIS to Patella
Tibial tuberosity to patella
9
Q
Risks of increased Q angles
A
Patellar subluxation
Patellofemoral syndrome
10
Q
Causes of increased q angle
A
- Femoral anteversion
- Tibial external torsion
- Tight lateral retinaculum
- Pes planus
- Weak hip adductors
11
Q
Bursa of the knee (6)
A
12
Q
Functional knee ROM
A
Walking:
- Flexion: 65 degrees
Stairs:
- Flexion: 90 degrees
Stand from Sitting:
- Flexion: 110 degrees
13
Q
Special Test: Valgus Stress Test
A
MCL: Knee flexed 25-30 degrees + Full Extension
- Increased laxity w/ knee in full extension usually indicates other ligament are injured as well
14
Q
Most sensitive test for ACL
A
Lachman
15
Q
Positive test for McMurray
A
Pain + Clicking
