kms

Question 1

Red Scare

Answer 1

the promotion of fear of a potential rise of communism or radical leftism. In the United States, the First Red Scare was about worker (socialist) revolution and political radicalism.

Question 2

Open Shop

Answer 2

an attempt on the part of corporations, trade associations, chambers of commerce, and their political supporters to weaken the organized labor movement by requiring employees to work in an open or nonunion workplace.

Question 3

Volsted Act

Answer 3

enacted to carry out the intent of the Eighteenth Amendment, which established prohibition in the United States.

Question 4

Immigration Act

Answer 4

limited the number of immigrants allowed entry into the United States through a national origins quota. The quota provided immigration visas to two percent of the total number of people of each nationality in the United States as of the 1890 national census.

Question 5

League of Woman Voters

Answer 5

an American civic organization that was formed to help women take a larger role in public affairs as they won the right to vote.

Question 6

Great Depression

Answer 6

the deepest and longest-lasting economic downturn in the history of the Western industrialized world.

Question 7

Bonus Army

Answer 7

an assemblage of some 43,000 marchers—17,000 U.S. World War I veterans, their families, and affiliated groups—who gathered in Washington, D.C. in the summer of 1932 to demand cash-payment redemption of their service certificates.

Question 8

New Deal

Answer 8

the set of federal programs launched by President Franklin D. Roosevelt after taking office in 1933, in response to the calamity of the Great Depression, and lasting until American entry into the Second World War in 1942.

Question 9

Fireside Chat

Answer 9

a series of 30 evening radio conversations (chats) given by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt between 1933 and 1944.

Question 10

Emergency Banking Act

Answer 10

provided for the reopening of the banks as soon as examiners had found them to be financially secure.

Question 11

Tennessee Valley Authority

Answer 11

a federally owned corporation in the United States created by congressional charter on May 18, 1933 to provide navigation, flood control, electricity generation, fertilizer manufacturing, and economic development to the Tennessee Valley

Question 12

National Industrial Recovery Act

Answer 12

a law passed by the United States Congress in 1933 to authorize the President to regulate industry in an attempt to raise prices after severe deflation and stimulate economic recovery.

Question 13

Social Security Act of 1935

Answer 13

An act to provide for the general welfare by establishing a system of Federal old-age benefits, and by enabling the several States to make more adequate provision for aged persons, blind persons, dependent and crippled children, maternal and child welfare, public health, and the administration of their unemployment

Question 14

National Labor Relations Act

Answer 14

protect the rights of employees and employers, to encourage collective bargaining, and to curtail certain private sector labor and management practices, which can harm the general welfare of workers, businesses and the U.S. economy.

Question 15

Congress of Industrial Organizations

Answer 15

a federation of unions that organized workers in industrial unions in the United States and Canada from 1935 to 1955.

Question 16

New Deal coalition

Answer 16

the alignment of interest groups and voting blocs in the United States that supported the New Deal and voted for Democratic presidential candidates from 1932 until the late 1960s.

Question 17

Dust Bowl

Answer 17

a period of severe dust storms that greatly damaged the ecology and agriculture of the American and Canadian prairies during the 1930s

Question 18

Court Packing

Answer 18

a legislative initiative proposed by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to add more justices to the U.S. Supreme Court.

Question 19

1938 Fair Labor Standards Act

Answer 19

establishes minimum wage, overtime pay, recordkeeping, and youth employment standards affecting full-time and part-time workers in the private sector and in Federal, State, and local governments.

Question 20

Blitzkrieg

Answer 20

required the concentration of offensive weapons (such as tanks, planes, and artillery) along a narrow front.

Question 21

Neutrality Act of 1939

Answer 21

lifted the arms embargo and put all trade with belligerent nations under the terms of “cash-and-carry.” The ban on loans remained in effect, and American ships were barred from transporting goods to belligerent ports.

Question 22

Axis Powers

Answer 22

The “Axis powers” formally took the name after the Tripartite Pact was signed by Germany, Italy, and Japan

Question 23

Lend-Lease Act

Answer 23

the principal means for providing U.S. military aid to foreign nations during World War II.

Question 24

Atlantic Charter

Answer 24

a joint declaration released by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill on August 14, 1941 following a meeting of the two heads of state in Newfoundland. The Atlantic Charter provided a broad statement of U.S. and British war aims.

Question 25

War Powers Act

Answer 25

a federal law intended to check the president’s power to commit the United States to an armed conflict without the consent of the U.S. Congress.

Question 26

Operation Torch

Answer 26

the British-American invasion of French North Africa during the North African Campaign of the Second World War which started on 8 November 1942.

Question 27

Operation Overlord

Answer 27

the code name for the Battle of Normandy, the Allied operation that launched the successful invasion of German-occupied Western Europe during World War II

Question 28

D-Day

Answer 28

when some 156,000 American, British and Canadian forces landed on five beaches along a 50-mile stretch of the heavily fortified coast of France’s Normandy region.

Question 29

Battle of the Bulge

Answer 29

was the last major German offensive campaign of World War II. It was launched through the densely forested Ardennes region of Wallonia in Belgium, France, and Luxembourg, on the Western Front, towards the end of World War II, in the European theatre.

Question 30

Eastern Front

Answer 30

a theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers and co-belligerent Finland against the Soviet Union, Poland and other Allies, which encompassed Northern, Southern and Central and Eastern Europe from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945.

Question 31

Island Hopping

Answer 31

was a military strategy employed by the Allies in the Pacific War against Japan and the Axis powers during World War II.

Question 32

Holocaust

Answer 32

was a genocide in which some six million European Jews were killed by Adolf Hitler’s Nazi Germany

Question 33

Yalta Conference

Answer 33

a meeting of British prime minister Winston Churchill, Soviet premier Joseph Stalin, and President Franklin D. Roosevelt early in February 1945 as World War II was winding down.