KM01 Flashcards
1
Q
What is the main law for workplace safety in South Africa?
A
The Occupational Health and Safety Act (Act 85 of 1993).
2
Q
Who is responsible for safety in the workplace?
A
Both employers and employees share responsibility.
3
Q
What are two duties of an employer under the OHS Act?
A
Ensure a safe working environment and provide PPE.
4
Q
What are two duties of employees under the OHS Act?
A
Follow safety rules and report hazards.
5
Q
What can health and safety inspectors do?
A
Visit workplaces, stop unsafe work, request documents, and issue fines.
6
Q
What does Section 8 of the OHS Act cover?
A
General duties of employers to ensure safety.
7
Q
What does Section 14 of the OHS Act cover?
A
General duties of employees to work safely.
8
Q
What is the role of Health and Safety Representatives (Section 17)?
A
Represent workers and raise safety concerns.
9
Q
What is the purpose of Health and Safety Committees (Section 19)?
A
To discuss and improve safety with both workers and managers.
10
Q
What must be done under Section 8 of the OHS Act?
A
Employers must make sure the workplace is safe.
11
Q
What must be done under Section 14 of the OHS Act?
A
Workers must take care of their own and others safety.
12
Q
What must be done under Section 17 of the OHS Act?
A
Workers can choose someone to speak up about safety concerns
13
Q
What must be done under Section 19 of the OHS Act?
A
A team of workers and managers who meet to talk about safety issues.
14
Q
What must be done under Section 24 of the OHS Act?
A
All incidents and dangerous situations must be reported.
15
Q
Why should your work area be kept clean?
A
To prevent slips, trips, and falls.
16
Q
What personal behavior is never allowed in the workplace?
A
Horseplay and working under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
17
Q
What must you always do before using any tool?
A
Inspect it for damage and ensure it is the right tool for the job.
18
Q
What is the three-point contact rule for ladders?
A
You must maintain contact with the ladder at three points at all times.
19
Q
Why shouldn’t electricians use metal ladders?
A
Because they conduct electricity and increase the risk of shock.
20
Q
What does ‘lockout/tagout’ mean?
A
It is a safety procedure to isolate and lock electrical equipment and tag it with a warning.
21
Q
What PPE should be used when working with electricity?
A
Insulated tools, coverall, and appropriate footwear
Insulated gloves(High Voltage)
22
Q
How should flammable materials be stored?
A
In approved containers, away from heat, sparks, or flames.
23
Q
What must you do if a tool is damaged?
A
Report it immediately and do not use it.
24
Q
What should you do when you notice a safety hazard?
A
Report it to a supervisor or safety officer immediately.
25
What should you do before adjusting or cleaning equipment?
Turn it off completely.
26
Why is it unsafe to touch electrical equipment with wet hands?
Water conducts electricity and increases shock risk.
27
Name two important ladder safety checks before use.
Check for damage and ensure it's on a flat, stable surface.
28
How should you lift a heavy object safely?
Keep your back straight and use your legs to lift. Always keep the object close to your body too.
29
Why should you report unsafe conditions?
To prevent future injuries or accidents.
30
What PPE might be required on a job site?
Gloves, safety shoes, helmet, goggles, etc.
31
What is the purpose of isolating equipment before working on it?
To prevent accidental electrical contact or operation.
32
Why should you never take safety shortcuts?
They increase the risk of injury or death.
33
What does good housekeeping in the workplace help prevent?
Fires, trips, slips, and clutter-related accidents.
34
What is the benefit of using insulated tools near live circuits?
They reduce the chance of electric shock.
35
What does a red safety sign indicate?
Danger, Stop
36
What does a yellow safety sign warn about?
Potential hazards or dangers
37
What action does a blue safety sign indicate?
Mandatory action (e.g. wear PPE)
38
What information does a green safety sign give?
Safety info like emergency exits or first aid
39
What shape is used for warning signs?
Triangle
40
What shape is used for prohibition signs?
Circle
41
What shape is used for mandatory signs?
Circle
42
What shape is used for emergency/info signs?
Square or rectangle
43
Why is safety colour coding important?
It communicates safety info quickly and clearly, even across language barriers
44
What type of sign shows something is not allowed?
Prohibition sign (red circle with line)
45
What type of sign tells you to do something?
Mandatory sign (blue circle)
46
What type of sign shows where safety equipment is?
Emergency/safety information sign (green)
47
Give an example of a warning sign
Danger: High Voltage (yellow triangle)
48
Give an example of a mandatory sign
Wear Hard Hat (blue circle)
49
Give an example of a prohibition sign
No Smoking (red circle with line)
50
Give an example of a safety info sign
First Aid Kit (green square)
51
Red Sign
Danger / Stop / Emergency Fire equipment, emergency stop buttons
52
Yellow Sign
Caution / Be Careful Warning signs, moving parts, tripping hazards
53
Blue Sign
Mandatory (You must do this) Wear PPE like hard hats or goggles
54
Green Sign
Safety / First Aid / Information Emergency exits, first aid kits, safety routes
55
What does 'lockout' mean in a LOTO system?
Physically securing energy sources so equipment can't be turned on
56
What does 'tagout' mean in a LOTO system?
Attaching a warning label to show equipment is under maintenance and should not be used
57
Why is LOTO important?
It prevents injury or death from unexpected startup or energy release
58
List three types of energy that must be isolated during LOTO.
Electrical, Mechanical, Hydraulic (others: Pneumatic, Thermal, Chemical, Gravity)
59
What is a hasp used for in LOTO?
To allow multiple locks on a single isolation point
60
What should you do after locking out equipment?
Release stored energy and verify isolation
61
Who is allowed to perform lockout procedures?
Only authorised and trained employees
62
What is the final step before starting maintenance work in LOTO?
Verify that the equipment is fully isolated
63
What should happen during shift changes in LOTO?
Lockout responsibility must be transferred properly
64
What must happen before removing LOTO in a group lockout?
All individual locks must be removed
65
Is it ever okay to remove someone else is lock?
No, only the person who placed the lock can remove it
66
What is a lock box used for in LOTO?
To hold keys when multiple people are working on the same equipment
67
Types of energy to isolate include
Electrical, Mechanical, Hydraulic, Pneumatic, Thermal, Chemical, Gravity.
68
What is the purpose of fencing on a worksite?
To prevent unauthorised access and protect workers and the public.
69
What do warning signs on a worksite do?
They alert people to dangers and restricted areas.
70
How is access to a worksite controlled?
Through gates, access cards, logbooks, or security personnel.
71
Why is lighting important on a worksite?
To ensure safety and visibility, and to deter intruders.
72
Where should tools and hazardous materials be stored?
In locked, secure areas and special containers.
73
What should be done in hazardous areas?
They must be barricaded and clearly marked with warning signs.
74
What must be kept clear and marked at all times?
Emergency exits and escape routes.
75
What should workers do if they notice damaged fences or signs?
Report it immediately.
76
Who is responsible for implementing safety measures on-site?
The site manager or supervisor.
77
What is a key part of safe working practice on a secure site?
Following access rules and reporting issues.
78
What are the three components of the fire triangle?
Heat, Fuel, Oxygen
79
What happens if one side of the fire triangle is removed?
The fire goes out
80
Which class of fire involves electrical equipment?
Class E
81
Which extinguishers are safe for electrical fires?
CO? and Dry Powder
82
What extinguisher is used for cooking oil fires?
Wet Chemical extinguisher
83
What are three common causes of fire?
Faulty equipment, Hot Work, Flammable Meterials
84
What is the first step when a fire is discovered?
Raise the alarm
85
Why is it dangerous to use water on electrical fires?
Water conducts electricity and may cause shock
86
What is convection in fire spread?
Heat rising through gases or air carrying flames
87
What does radiation mean in fire spread?
Heat traveling through space to nearby objects
88
How does fuel arrangement affect fire speed?
More surface area or vertical stacking increases speed
89
How does oxygen affect fire?
More oxygen = faster burning
90
What equipment is used to smother small fires?
Fire blanket
91
What is a fire drill?
A practice evacuation to prepare for real fire emergencies
92
Why should you never use a lift during a fire?
It may fail or trap you inside
93
What is the purpose of an assembly point?
A safe place to gather after evacuation
94
How often should fire drills be conducted?
Regularly
95
How does ventilation affect fire?
It adds oxygen and can direct the fire's movement
96
Class A
Solid materials (wood, paper, cloth)
97
Class B
Flammable liquids (petrol, oil)
98
Class C
Gases (propane, butane)
99
Class D
Metals (magnesium, aluminum)
100
Class E
Electrical fires
101
Class F
Cooking oils/fats
102
Class A Extinguisher ?
Water, Foam
103
Class B Extinguisher ?
Foam, CO?, Dry Powder
104
Class C Extinguisher ?
CO?, Dry Powder
105
Class D Extinguisher ?
Special dry powder
106
Class E Extinguisher ?
CO?, Dry Powder (not water or foam!)
107
Class F Extinguisher ?
Wet Chemical
108
What is a hazard?
Anything with the potential to cause harm.
109
What is a risk?
The chance that someone will be harmed by a hazard and how serious it could be.
110
What are overhead power lines?
High-voltage electrical wires suspended above ground, often uninsulated.
111
Why are overhead power lines dangerous?
They carry high voltage, are often uninsulated, and electricity can arc to nearby objects.
112
How far should you stay from overhead power lines?
At least 3 meters for up to 33kV; more for higher voltages.
113
List the steps of a risk assessment.
1. Identify hazards 2. Decide who may be harmed 3. Evaluate risks 4. Control risks 5. Review regularly
114
What is the hierarchy of risk control?
1. Elimination
2. Substitution
3. Engineering controls
4. Administrative controls
5. PPE
115
Which risk control method is most effective?
Elimination
116
What is a Job Safety Analysis (JSA)?
A tool used to identify hazards in each step of a job and decide how to control them.
117
What are the 4 main steps in a JSA?
1. Select the job 2. Break into steps 3. Identify hazards 4. Decide on controls
118
What should you do when you spot a hazard?
Report it to a supervisor and document it using the correct procedure.
119
What is a hazard register?
A document that records all workplace hazards, risk ratings, controls, and review dates.
120
Why should hazard assessments be reviewed?
To ensure they are up to date and reflect any changes or incidents.
121
What is environmental protection?
Taking actions to prevent harm to the natural environment.
122
What are the three types of pollution discussed?
Air pollution, Water pollution, Soil pollution.
123
What causes air pollution in a work environment?
Smoke, fumes or chemicals released into the air.
124
How does water pollution happen on worksites?
When chemicals or waste are released into rivers lakes or drains.
125
What is soil pollution?
When harmful substances like oil or chemicals contaminate the ground.
126
Why must waste be separated?
To ensure each type is disposed of safely and legally.
127
Give examples of workplace waste.
Scrap metal , used wire, broken equipment, used oils or chemicals.
128
What are hazardous substances?
Materials that can harm people or the environment like acids or flammable liquids.
129
Give two examples of hazardous substances.
Battery acid - thinners.
130
How should hazardous substances be stored?
In approved - clearly marked containers.
131
What is the purpose of PPE when handling hazardous substances?
To protect workers from exposure or injury.
132
What is recycling?
Reusing materials instead of throwing them away.
133
What is conservation?
Using resources like electricity and water wisely.
134
How can you conserve electricity at work?
Turn off unused equipment.
135
What should you do if you see a chemical spill?
Report it immediately and follow spill control procedures.
136
What are your legal responsibilities for environmental protection?
Follow laws and report pollution or unsafe practices.
137
What does DRSABCD stand for?
* Danger
* Response
* Send for help
* Airway
* Breathing
* CPR
* Defibrillator
138
What number do you call for a medical emergency in South Africa?
10177
112
139
What is the first thing to check before helping someone?
Check for danger to yourself, others, and the injured person
140
What does CPR stand for?
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
141
How many chest compressions and breaths are in one cycle of adult CPR?
30 compressions and 2 breaths
142
What should you do if a person is unconscious but breathing?
Turn them on their side and monitor breathing
143
What does an AED do?
Delivers a shock to restart the heart
144
What should be in a first aid kit?
Supplies appropriate for your setting, well-organized and fully stocked
145
How do you check if a bandage is too tight?
if it turns pink within 2 seconds, it's okay
146
What is the purpose of a resuscitation mask?
To prevent infection during mouth-to-mouth CPR
147
How long should you rinse eyes after a chemical splash?
At least 20 minutes with lukewarm water
148
What should you do with a blister from a minor burn?
Do not break it protects against infection
149
When should you not use water on a major burn?
Do not immerse large severe burns in water as it may cause hypothermia
150
What should you use to remove someone from an electric source?
A dry, non-conductive object like wood or plastic
151
What is a sign of shock?
Fainting, pale skin, shallow breathing
152
What is a near-miss?
A near-miss is an unplanned event that could have resulted in injury, damage, or illness but did not.
153
Why is incident reporting important?
It helps prevent further incidents and ensures assistance is provided to those injured.
154
Who is responsible for reporting an incident?
Everyone involved or who witnesses the incident must report it.
155
What information should be included in an incident report form?
Date, time, location, description of the incident, witness statements, photos (if available), and training records.
156
What is the main goal of an incident investigation?
The goal is to determine what happened and find ways to prevent similar incidents from happening again.
157
What types of incidents must be reported?
Incidents that cause death, serious injury, or major property/environmental damage must be reported.
158
What is a serious electrical incident that must be reported?
A serious electrical incident includes
Death or serious injury from electric shock, Fire/explosion from electrical equipment, Major electrical hazard.(to environment/Buildings/People)
