Kliniska Aspekter På Antibiotika

Question 1

Penicillin G/V

Answer 1

Gram + aeroba
Vissa gram+anaeroba (peptostreptokock, vissa klostridier)
Meningokocker
Spiroketer

Question 2

Ampicillin/Amoxicillin

Answer 2

Som bensylpenicillin+
H. influenzae
Listeria monocytogenes
Enterococcus faecalis

Question 3

Amoxicillin +klavulansyra

Answer 3

Amoxicillin + vissa plasmidmedierade betalaktamaser
E. coli
bacteroides fragilis
Moraxella catarrhalis
H. Influenzae
Stafylokocker

Question 4

Piperacillin +tazobactam

Answer 4

BRETT
Gram +: streptokocker, S. aureus, Enterococcus faecalis
Gram -: enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aueriginosa
Anaerob: bacteroides fragilis

Question 5

Izoxazylpenicilliner

Kloxacillin,dikloxacillin, flukloxacillin

Answer 5

S. Aureus (EJ MRSA)

GAS, GCS, GGS

Question 6

Pivmecillinam

Answer 6

Okomplicerad UVI (E. Coli)

Question 7

Cefalosporiner

Answer 7

Gen 1 huvudsak gram+

Senare generationer går mot bättre gram- på bekostnad av gram+ aktivitet

Question 8

Cefadroxil

Answer 8

Gen 1 cefalosporin
Gram + aeroba: Staph aureus och ß-hemolytiska streptokocker

E.coli, Klebsiella, Proteus mirabilis (okomplicerad UVI)

Question 9

Cefuroxim

Answer 9

2:a generationens cefalosporin

Gram + aeroba: Staph aureus, streptokocker, pneumokocker, h influenzae
Gram- : urinvägsfokus: E. Coli, Klebsiella, Proteus
Dock 3:e o 4e gen mycket bättre negativ effekt

Question 10

Ceftazidim

Answer 10

3:e generationens cefalosporin

Gram- : enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aueriginosa,
Sämre mot gram+ än cefotaxim

Question 11

Cefotaxim/Ceftriaxon

Answer 11

3:e generationens cefalosporin

Gram+/-
Staph, pneumo+ streptokocker h influenzae
E. Coli, Klebsiella, Proteus mirabilis, salmonella, shigella

Question 12

Cefepim

Answer 12

4:e generationens cefalosporin

Gram+/-, p Aueriginosa

Question 13

Makrolider

Answer 13

Erythromycin (azitromycin, klaritromycin),

Gram+ och intracellulära
Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, moraxella, legionella, bordetella pertussis, campylobacter,

Nyare preparat bättre mot vissa gram-

Question 14

Klindamycin

Answer 14

Gram+ o anaeroba

Streptokocker pneumokocker (ej enterokocker)
Staph, anaeroba (en clostridium dificile)

Question 15

Fusidinsyra

Answer 15

Staphylococcus

Question 16

Rifampicin

Answer 16

TBC, gram+

Question 17

Glykopeptider

Answer 17

Vankomycin, teicoplanin

Nästan alla gram+

Question 18

Aminoglykosider

Answer 18

Gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin

Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aueriginosa, legionella
Moxifloxacin också stafylokocker, streptokocker

Question 19

Pivmecillinam

Answer 19

UVI

Question 20

Aztreonam

Answer 20

Enbart aeroba gram-: (enterobacteriaceae)

Question 21

Karbapenemer

Answer 21

Meropenem, imipenem, ertapenem

Bredast: gram+/-, anaeroba, aeroba, ESBL

Question 22

Kloramfenikol

Answer 22

Gram+ o - (men EJ Pseudomonas aueriginosa)

Aerob/anaerob

Question 23

Doxycyklin

Answer 23

Tetracyklin
LUFTVÄGSPATOGENER: Pneumokocker, moraxella, h influenzae, Chlamydia, mycoplasma pneumoniae

Pasteurella multifoca, borrelia burgdorferi

Question 24

Tigecyklin

Answer 24

Många enterobacteriaceae, ESBL, MRSA, VRE

Question 25

Trimetroprim +Sulfonamid

Answer 25

Stafylokocker, Pneumokocker, e.coli, Klebsiella, enterobacter, Proteus, h infl, listeria

Question 26

Nitroimidazoler metronidazole

Answer 26

Anaeroba gram+/-
H. pylori
Trichomonas vaginalis, giardia lamblia, entamoeba histolytica,