Klasifikasi & Algae Flashcards
(Klasifikasi) Category vs. Taxon?
Category: rank in hierarchy
Taxon: The plant’s place in the hierarchy
Category: famili, ordo, class, genus, species
Taxon: Spermatophyta, Magnoliasida, Solanales, Solanaceae, Capsicum
Autogamy vs. Geitonogamy vs. Allogamy
Autogamy: self-fertilization
Geitonogamy: by pollen from another flower of the same branch.
Allogamy: fertilization by pollen of a different plant
What are the characteristics of algae?
- Single celled/multi-celled
- Eukaryotes
- Has chlorophyll
- Autotrophic
How does algae reproduce? Explain their life cycle!
Generative: conjugation
Vegetative: fragmentation & spores
Difference between microalgae & macroalgae?
Microscopic algae can only be seen
using tools/technology, while you can clearly see macroscopic algae clearly with the naked eye.
Classification of algae & what they’re
classified based on
Chlorophyta, rhodophyta, phaedophyta, Euglenophyta, bacillariophyta, Chrysophyta, Dinnoflagellata. They’re classified based on colour, chlorophyll type, food reserve, & cell wall composition.
Types of chlorophyll
Chlorophyll alpha, beta, c, & d.
Orange/yellow: carotenoids
Blue: phycocyanin
Red: phycoerythrin
Yellowish: fucoxantin
4 types of sexual reproduction in algae?
Isogamy, anisogamy, & oogamy.
Isogamy: both male & female gametes look identical
Anisogamy: male & female gametes are of different sizes.
Oogamy: male is motile (able to move), female isn’t
What are the characteristics of chlorophyta?
Shape: one cell, colonies, filaments, or multicellular
Ancestor of plants
Eukaryote
Dominant pigment is alpha & beta in chloroplasts.
What are the characteristics of chlorophyta?
Shape: one cell, colonies, filaments, or multicellular
Ancestor of plants
Eukaryote
Dominant pigment is alpha & beta in chloroplasts.
Food is kept as flour in a chloroplast.
Motile ones have 2 or 4 whiplash flagella
In what shapes do chloroplasts come as in chlorophytes?
Bowl, mesh, spiral, star, ribbon
Describe the cell wall of chlorophytes!
They have walled cells, so they come in a certain shape. The cell wall comes in 2 layers: cellulose (inside) and pectose (outside).
In Siphonales, the inside is made up of callose
How do chlorophytes reproduce?
Vegetative: thallus/filament fragmentation
Asexually: zoospores/aplanospores
Sexually: isogamy, anisogamy, oogamy, aplanogamy
What are the classification of Chlorophytes into 2 classes?
Chlorophyceae (marine) & charophyceae (freshwater)
Find keyword: difference between those 2 above to see complete chart.
Describe the characteristics of Phaeophyta
- Produces carotenoids & fucoxantin in chloroplast
- Chlorophyll produced: a, c1, & c2
- Food is saved as laminarin (a type of glucose)
- Made up of filamentic, pseudoparenchymal, or parenchymal thallus.
- Lives in both marine & freshwater
- Cell wall is made up of cellulose, alginic acid, & fucoidin.
- Cuticle & protective cell (mucilage) are made up of alginic acid.
