Kings and Queens Flashcards
What did King Alfred do in his government?
Treaty of Wedmore: this divided England into two parts: Danelaw (Vikings) and Wessex (Anglo-Saxons). He gave Vikings a piece of land to live by themselves, they only had to accept Christianity.
What did King William do in his government?
Battle of Hastings: (1066) Anglo-Saxons vs. Normans (French people who wanted to conquer England, they won)
Domesday book: a measure taken by King William in which they checked every corner within England and wrote down every possession every person had and taxed them.
What did King Henry I do in his government?
Charter of Liberties: he promised through this document that he would govern in the right way.
What did King Henry II do in his government?
Oxford: he founded the first university in England (1168 - 12th century)
What did King John do in his government?
Cambridge: he founded the second university in England (1209 - 13th century)
Magna Carta: (1215) a document that stated the rights and duties the king, the aristocracy, and other social classes had. Many people think it’s the first constitution. An important article is that nobody could be sent to prison without a trial.
What did King Henry III do in his government?
Simon of Montfort: a French man who married his sister, and little by little he ended up with all the power to take decisions.
Parliament: before his changes, it was called Henry’s Great Council, but he changed it to Parliament.
What did King Edward do in his government?
William Wallace: Scots rise against English rule, led by him. He is a hero for the Scottish people.
What did King Edward III do in his government?
Parliament houses: he completed the division of the two houses in parliament, the house of commons and the house of lords.
The start of 100 years’ war with France: (1337) England-France, because of Normandy (land that is in France). It affected the language, before that they spoke 3 languages: French, English, and Latin, but thanks to this war, French was considered the language of the enemy so they stopped using it.
Black Death: illness, they killed most of the population, in Europe as well. (1348-1350)
What did King Richard II do in his government?
John Wycliffe: He was a priest, he criticized many ideas within the catholic church, he was an important part in the process that led to the reformation in England. The first person to translate the bible.
What did King Henry IV do in his government?
G. Chaucer: a writer, he wrote the Canterbury tales.
What did King Henry VI do in his government?
England lost the 100 years war.
War of roses: two families, the House of Lancaster and the House of York, were fighting over the throne. (1455)
What did King Henry VII do in his government?
End of the war of roses: King Henry married Elizabeth of York. Start of a new dynasty: Tudor.
What did Queen Victoria do in his government?
Victoria Maries Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha Harrods store in London is opened Secret voting introduced for elections Victoria becomes Empress of India British occupy Egypt Free schooling in introduce
What did Queen Elizabeth II do in his government?
Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor
21st April 1926 (real and private birthday) // 2nd Saturday in June (trooping of the colour - name of the celebration)
In 1952 she becomes Queen → one of the longest serving monarch
She resides in Buckingham Palace
Married to Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (Queen Victoria is great-great grandmother to both)
