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Kingdoms Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are Bacilli?

A

Rod shaped bacteria

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2
Q

What are Cocci?

A

Sphere shaped bacteria

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3
Q

What are Spirilla?

A

Spiral shaped bacteria?

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4
Q

What are roles of bacteria in the environment.

A

1) Clean up small oil spills
2) Mine minerals from the ground
3) Synthesize drugs

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5
Q

What is a capsid?

A

The outer protein coat of a virus is called a capsid.

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6
Q

What is the basic structure of a virus?

A

DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat

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7
Q

What do bacteriophages infect?

A

Bacteria only

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8
Q

What is the difference between lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle?

A

Lytic- Short term, destroy the host cell right away, infect host cells.
Lysogenic- Long term, goes through lytic cycle

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9
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

Bacteria that causes disease

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10
Q

How are viral diseases prevented?

A

With vaccines, antibiotics wouldn’t work

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11
Q

What are some characteristics of a fungi

A

Absorb food, breaking down dead organisms, cell wall made of chitin

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12
Q

What is the top part of a mushroom

A

The cap

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13
Q

What is the under part of the cap called?

A

The gills

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14
Q

What is the stem under the skirt called?

A

Stipe stalk

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15
Q

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

A

Prokaryotes have no nucleus and no membrane bound organelles

Eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

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16
Q

What are 3 characteristics about Kingdom Animalia?

A

1)Eukaryotic, 2) Multicellular, 3)Heterotrophic

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17
Q

What are 4 characteristics of phylum Chordata?

A

1) dorsal nerve cord,2)Notochord,3) Pharyngeal Pouch, 4)Tail

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18
Q

What are 3 ways respiration can observe in animals?

A

Skin- some Amphibians, Gills- Fish, some amphibians ,

Lungs- Mammals, Birds, Reptiles, some amphibians

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19
Q

Ectotherms and Endotherms

A

Ectotherms- “cold blooded” - rely on behavior to help control body temp
Endotherms- “Warm Blooded” - Control body temp internally

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20
Q

What are the three types of symmetry?

A

Asymmetry- no symmetry
Radial Symmetry- Can be divided along any plane through the central axis
Bilateral Symmetry- Can be divided down the length into similar right and left halves.

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21
Q

What are 3 characteristics of invertebrates?

A

Make up 95% of kingdom Animalia
Exoskeleton- Hard waxy covering on outside of body
Invertebrates- no backbone

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22
Q

What is the def of a pistil?

A

The female reproductive system for a flower.

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23
Q

What is the def of a stamen?

A

The male reproductive system for a flower.

24
Q

What is the def of a stigma

A

The sticky surface region of the pistil where pollen germinates.

25
Q

What is the def of a style?

A

The region of the pistil bearing the stigma.

26
Q

What is the def of a Petal?

A

The bright part of the flower that attracted bees.

27
Q

What is the def of a sepal?

A

The floral leaf or individual segment of the calyx.

28
Q

What is the def of a receptive?

A

The flat or concave or convex part of the stem from which all parts of the stem from which all parts of the flower arise.

29
Q

What is the def of a pedicel?

A

The stem

30
Q

What is the def of pollen?

A

The spores that contain male gametes?

31
Q

What is the def of pollen tube?

A

Slender tube that grows from a pollen grain.

32
Q

What is the def on Anther?

A

The structure that contains pollen

33
Q

What is the def of filament?

A

The stalk that supports the anther.

34
Q

What is the def of the ovary?

A

The region of the pistil containing one or more ovules

35
Q

What is the def of ovule?

A

The structure in the ovary containing the egg cells.

36
Q

What are the veins like in monocots and dicots?

A

Monocots- Parallel , Dicots-Branches

37
Q

What are the number of seed leaves in mono and dicots?

A

Mono-1 , Dicots-2

38
Q

What are the roots like for each?

A

Mono- Shallow, Dicots- Tap

39
Q

How many petals do each have?

A

Mono- 3, Dicots-4 or 5

40
Q

What is the appearance of the vascular bundles in stems?

A

Mono- Scattered, Dicots- In a ring

41
Q

What are the tree lifetimes of angiosperms and their definitions?

A

Annuals-Plant that grows from a seed, then flower and make new seeds. This happens every year.
Biennials- Plants that take two years to go through their life cycle.
Perennials- Plants that live for 3 or more years.

42
Q

What is the function of a root?

A

To anchor a plant, and get water

43
Q

What is the function of a stem?

A

Hold leaves up and transport glucose and water

44
Q

What is the function of a leaf?

A

Photosynthesis

45
Q

What is the function of a flower?

A

Reproduction

46
Q

What is the function of a seed?

A

Nourishment of embryo and dispersal of that plant

47
Q

What is the function of a stomata?

A

Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse in and out of the cell.

48
Q

What are the difference between primary and secondary stems?

A

Primary stems- increase the height, located at tips and shoots of branches
Secondary stems- increases the girth, adds rings to the trunks. Three rings indicates years of drought. Each ring represents age.

49
Q

What are characteristics for angiosperms and gymnosperms?

A

Angiosperms- Flowering plants, fruits, flat leaves, dormancy. Pollen grains produced in the anther.
Gymnosperms- pine tree or juniper, needless or scales, cones, no dormancy.

50
Q

What is photoperiodism?

A

The functional or behavioral response of an organism to changes of duration in daily, seasonal , or yearly cycles of light and darkness.

51
Q

What does dormancy mean in plants?

A

Period of decreased activity.

52
Q

What is a stolon?

A

A creeping horizontal plant stem or runner that takes roots at points that along its length to form new plants.

53
Q

What are two systems are responsible for transporting water & minerals through a plant?

A

Absorption through the roots and transportation through the shoot system.

54
Q

What are the two vascular systems in plants?

A

Xylem- Transports water and minerals absorbed in the roots

Phloem- Transport food and minerals

55
Q

How does fruit play a role in plant reproduction?

A

Ripened ovary that carries angiosperms seeds.

Bio (1 decks)

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