Kingdoms Flashcards
What kingdom is Amobea in?
Protoctista
What are the 5 main kingdoms called?
- Animal
- Plant
- Protoctista
- Fungi
- Bacteria
What are fungi walls made of?
Chitin
What’s an example of a membrane bound organelle?
Mitochondria
What has a protein coat?
Viruses
What does multicellular fungi have?
Hyphae
What’s an example of a single celled fungi?
Yeast
What has no membrane bound organelles?
Prokaryotes cells
What is an example of prokaryote?
Bacteria
Which of the 5 kingdoms can photosynthesis?
Plants, Protoctista and Bacteria/Prokaryotes
Which of the 5 kingdoms cannot photosynthesis?
Animals and Fungi
What do plants use for storage?
Starch (Carbohydrate)
What do animals use for storage?
Glycogen (Carbohydrate)
What are prokaryotic/bacterial cell wall made of?
Peptidoglycan
What is the type of nutrition in fungi?
Saprotrophic
Which of the 5 kingdoms have eukaryotic cells?
- Animal
- Plant
- Fungi
- Protoctista
Which of the 5 kingdoms have prokaryotic cells?
Bacteria
What is the definition of a eukaryotic cell?
A cell with membrane bound organelles - especially a proper nucleus
Which kingdoms contain only multi-cellular organisms?
Plants and animals
What is autotrophic nutrition?
Making your own food - e.g. photosynthesis
What is heterotrophic nutrition?
Eating other organisms for food
What is saprophytic nutrition?
Eating only dead things
Which kingdom is made up of only saprophytic organisms?
Fungi
Explain why a virus is not considered to be a living organism?
They do not respire, therefore they are not living cells but are made by living cells
What is a pathogen?
An organism (or virus) that makes you ill - causes disease
Where is DNA found in prokaryotic cells?
In the cytoplasm - no nucleus. Bacterial cells have 1 large circular chromosome and smaller circles of DNA called plasmids.
What is the name of the protective layer outside of bacterial cell walls?
Capsule
Some species (not all) of bacteria have a kind of ‘tail’ that helps them to move. What is this structure called?
Flagellum
What effect does Tobacco Mosaic Virus have on leaves?
Causes brown patches by stopping chlorophyll production
Green algae are single celled autotrophs with cells that look very similar to plants. Why are they categorised as protoctista and not as plants by biologists?
Because they are not multi-cellular
Why are the protoctista so varied?
Any single celled eukaryotic organism that doesn’t fit into the other kingdoms is called a protoctista. Therefore, different species have many of the characteristics of other kingdoms.
Which kingdoms store carbohydrates as glycogen?
All Animals and Fungi and some species of Protoctista.
What does MRS C GREN stand for?
- Move
- Respire
- Sensitive
- Control
- Grow
- Reproduce
- Excrete
- Nutrition
What are the common feature/characteristics of plants?
- Multicellular
- Contain chloroplasts
- Able to carry out photosynthesis
- Cellulose cell wall
- Store carbohydrates as starch or sucrose
What are common features/characteristics of animals?
- Multicellular
- Don’t contain chlorophyll so cannot carry out photosynthesis
- No cell wall
- Usually have nervous coordination and are able to move from place to place
- Often store carbohydrates as glycogen
What are the common features/characteristics in fungi?
- Body organised in mycelium (but some are single celled)
- Not able to carry out photosynthesis
- Cell walls made of chitin
- Saprotrophic nutrition(extracellular secretion of digestive enzymes on to food material and the absorption of organic products)
- May store carbohydrates as glycogen
What are the common features/characteristics of bacteria?
- Microscopic single celled organisms
- Simple cell structure with no nucleus but a single circular chromosome of DNA
- Most feed on other living or dead organisms but some can carry out photosynthesis
- They have a cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm and plasmids
What are the common features/characteristics of viruses?
- Small particles (smaller than bacteria)
- Parasitic and can only reproduce inside living cells
- No cellular structure but a protein coat and contains one type of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)
What are the levels of organisation within an organism?
Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
What can pathogens be in the form of?
Viruses, bacteria, unicellular, multicellular eukaryotes
