Kingdom : Plantae Flashcards
What characteristics do all plants have?
- multicellular
- photosynthetic (They are the producers of food chains)
- have male and female reproductive organs
- They have a cell wall made of cellulose
- their storage polysaccharide is starch
roots
absorb water/nutrients from soil
anchor plants
evolved from lower portion of stem
leaves
- increase surface area of plants
- primary photosynthetic organ
What are the classifications of plants?
While there are many ways to structure plant classification, one way is to group them into vascular and non-vascular plants, seed bearing and spore bearing(seedless), and angiosperms and gymnosperms.
bryophytes
- nonvascular plants
- cannot support tall plant structure
- They lack true roots and leaves and seedless
- mostly aquatic
- Liverworts, Hornworts and Mosses are nonvascular plants.
rhizoid
little thread-like roots of bryophytes
What do vascular plants have?
They have specialized tissues for carrying water and food throughout the plant body.
Xylem
Xylem is made of dead cells and brings water and minerals up from the roots
Phloem
Phloem is made of living cells that distributes glucose and other substances throughout the plant
What are the 2 groups of vascular plants?
Seedless vascular plants and seed plants
What are the vascular-seedless plants?
ferns, horsetails, club mosses
They don’t have seed, flower and fruit.
What are the 2 groups of vascular-seed plants?
The seed plants are divided into two groups, based on where the seeds develop: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.
gymnosperms
“naked seed”
- cone-bearing trees (pine, cedrus)
- colder climates
angiosperms
- flowering plants
- most diverse and widespread (80 % of the Kingdom Plantae)
- Angiosperms produce seeds in a specialized chamber (a flower)
Flower
four types of modified leaves
- sepals (enclose flower)
- petals (attract pollinators)
- stamens (male bits [filament (stem), anther (capsule)])
- carpels (female bits [stigma (top business) style(stem), Ovary, ovule (inside ovary)])
