Kinetics

Question 1

What type of reactions exhibit zero order?

Answer 1

Surface and enzyme catalyzed reactions

Question 2

What order is radioactive decay

Answer 2

First order

Question 3

Characteristics of zero order half life reactions

Answer 3

• half life is a proportional relationship with concentration
• half lives for zero order reactions ONLY DECREASE

Question 4

Characteristics of first order half life reactions

Answer 4

Half life is independant of concentration

Question 5

Characteristics of second order half life reactions

Answer 5

• half life is inversely proportional to concentration
• half lives can INCREASE (increasing time)
• single reactant or equimolr concentrations

Question 6

Ea and the A factor are treated as what?

Answer 6

Tempurature independant quantitities (this is an assumption)

Question 7

What is the Ea

Answer 7

The minimum energy reaction barrier that needs to be met in order for a reaction to happen

Question 8

What is the A factor

Answer 8

Referred as the speed limit of the reaction.
It can also be thought of the rate constant in the absence of an energy barrier or really high tempuratures

Question 9

What can we do to increase k? (rate constant)

Answer 9

• increase tempurature
• idecrease Ea
• increase concenration of reactants
• prescense of catalysts

Question 10

For a collision to be effective, what criteria must be met

Answer 10

• proper orientation
• sufficient energy (have Ea)

Question 11

What happens during an effective collision

Answer 11

• transition species form (at the activated complex or transition state)
• some bonds stretch and become weaker
• new intermolecular forces start to form

Question 12

Characteristics of transition state

Answer 12

• have high energy
• are kinetically unstable
• proceed in either direction (can go backwards or forwards in the reaction)
• in equillibrium with reactants and products

Question 13

Ewhat does rds determine?

Answer 13

The rate of the reaction (rds is the slow step)

Question 14

How do catalysts increase the spoed of the reaction

Answer 14

They lower the Ea by stabilizing the transition state or alternating the mechanism for the fwrd and reverse reaction. It also provides alternative pathways

Question 15

Catalists are often ___-

Answer 15

Transitional metals

Question 16

What are the two catalyst catagories

Answer 16

Homogenous and heterogeneous catalysts

Question 17

Homogenous catalyst

Answer 17

Reactants and catalyst are in the same phase

Question 18

Does the concentration of a catalyst change in a reaction

Answer 18

No

Question 19

what does a large k value mean in equillibirum

Answer 19

It means that the reaction essentially goes into completion

Question 20

What does a small K constant mean in equillibrum

Answer 20

It means that almost no products are formed

Question 21

What does the reaction quotient mean

Answer 21

Its a ratio of concentration/pressure given at any specific time