Kinetics

Question 1

What is the rate equation

Answer 1

rate = -d [A] / dt = k [A] ^n
A is disappearing and then B is appearing delta a / by the change in time (dt)rate constant (small k always, written in italics, multipied by conc of A to the power of
n is the order of the reaction

Question 2

What is zero order

Answer 2

N=0 so same equation
The reaction is independent of [A] and occurs at a constant rate

Question 3

Zero order example

Question 4

First order

Answer 4

the rate is dependent on one reacting species
k x [A]

Question 5

Second order

Answer 5

depends on the concentration of two reactants
A +B —> C
rate = k [A] [B]

Question 6

Catalysis

Answer 6

Reactants are transformed to products via a transition state that only lasts briefly and cannot be isolated.
Catalysts make the product through a different mechanism with a lower activation energy so it is faster (but not always)

Question 7

Homogenous catalysis:

Answer 7

catalyst in same phase as reactants (e.g. all liquid or all gases)

Question 8

Heterogeneous catalysis:

Answer 8

catalyst in different phase to reactants (e.g. solid catalyst in liquid reactant)

Question 9

Arrhenius Equation

Answer 9

If we know the rate constant at several temperatures you can determine the activation energy (Ea).
A plot of lnk vs. 1/T is a straight line with slope = -Ea/R

Question 9

Autocatalysis

Answer 9

One of the products of the reaction acts as a catalyst. Initially reaction is slow then dramatically speeds up.