KINETIC THEORY OF GASES AND RADIATION Flashcards
What does KTG stand for in physics?
KTG stands for Kinetic Theory of Gases.
True or False: KTG applies only to ideal gases.
True.
Fill in the blank: The average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to the ______.
absolute temperature.
What is the formula for the average kinetic energy of a gas molecule?
KE_avg = (3/2) kT, where k is Boltzmann’s constant and T is the absolute temperature.
Which postulate of the KTG states that gas molecules are in constant random motion?
The first postulate.
What is the relationship between pressure and temperature in a gas according to KTG?
Pressure is directly proportional to temperature when volume is constant.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a postulate of the Kinetic Theory of Gases? A) Gas molecules are in constant motion B) Gas molecules attract each other C) Gas molecules occupy no volume D) Collisions between gas molecules are elastic
B) Gas molecules attract each other.
What happens to the speed of gas molecules as temperature increases?
The speed of gas molecules increases.
True or False: In an ideal gas, the volume occupied by the gas molecules themselves is significant.
False.
What is the significance of the mean free path in KTG?
Mean free path is the average distance a molecule travels before colliding with another molecule.
Fill in the blank: The Kinetic Theory of Gases assumes that gas molecules move in ______.
straight lines.
What is the equation for pressure in terms of kinetic energy?
P = (1/3) (N/V) (mv^2), where N is the number of molecules, V is volume, m is mass, and v is velocity.
Multiple choice: Which of the following factors does NOT affect gas pressure? A) Temperature B) Volume C) Color of the gas D) Number of gas molecules
C) Color of the gas.
What does the term ‘elastic collision’ mean in the context of KTG?
Elastic collision means that there is no loss of kinetic energy during the collision of gas molecules.
True or False: The KTG can be applied to real gases under high pressure and low temperature.
False.
What is the concept of ‘thermal equilibrium’ in KTG?
Thermal equilibrium is the state when two systems in contact do not exchange heat, indicating they are at the same temperature.
Fill in the blank: The total kinetic energy of a gas is proportional to the ______.
number of molecules and temperature.
What is the concept of ‘pressure’ according to the KTG?
Pressure is defined as the force exerted per unit area by gas molecules colliding with the walls of a container.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of an ideal gas? A) High density B) Low compressibility C) No intermolecular forces D) High viscosity
C) No intermolecular forces.
What does the term ‘root mean square speed’ refer to in KTG?
Root mean square speed is the square root of the average of the squares of the speeds of the gas molecules.
True or False: The average speed of gas molecules decreases with increasing molar mass.
True.
What is the Boltzmann constant?
The Boltzmann constant is a physical constant relating the average kinetic energy of particles in a gas with the temperature of the gas.
Fill in the blank: The distribution of molecular speeds in a gas is described by the ______ distribution.
Maxwell-Boltzmann.
What happens to the pressure of a gas if its volume is reduced while the temperature remains constant?
The pressure increases.
