Kinetic Particle Theory Flashcards
Kinetic Particle Theory
The Kinetic Particle Theory states that all mater are made of tiny particles that are in a constant random motion.
Characteristics of SOLID
Fixed shape, fixed volume, cannot be compressed, vibrate and rotate abt fixed positions
Characteristics of LIQUID
Non fixed shape, fixed volume, cannot be compressed, moves freely throughout liquid
Characteristics of GAS
Non fixed shape, non fixed volume, can be compressed, moves about rapidly in any direction
Evaporation
Evaporation is the process by which a liquid changes to gas at temperatures lower than its boiling point.
Why does evaporation occur?
Some particles have enough energy to escape as a gas from the surface of the liquid.
Volatile liquids
Liquids that evaporate quickly at room temperature.
Boiling vs Evaporation
Boiling occurs only at boiling point/Evaporation occurs at temperatures below boiling point.
Boiling occurs throughout the liquid/Evaporation occurs only at the surface of the liquid
Boiling occurs rapidly/Evaporation occurs slowly
Condensation
Condensation is the process by which a gas changes to a liquid.
Sublimation
Sublimation is the process by which a solid changes directly to a gas without going through liquid state.
Diffusion
The process by which particles move freely to fill up any available space.
Definition: Diffusion is the net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
The higher the temperature, the higher the rate of diffusion.
The higher the temperature, the higher the rate of diffusion.
