kinetic molecular theory

Question 1

forces within a molecule-bonding type
ex. ionic, covalent

Answer 1

Intramolecular

Question 2

forces between molecules
ex. ionic, london dispersion, dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding

Answer 2

Intermolecular

Question 3

exist between “molecules” that contain ionic bonds
result from electrostatic charges within the compound
opposite charges attract
strongest type of intermolecular force

Answer 3

ionic forces

Question 4

exist between noble gas atoms and nonpolar molecules
weakest
temporary- as electrons move around the nucleus, a momentary asymmetrical distribution of electrons can occur (provides a temporary dipole)
the instantaneous dipole can induce a similar dipole in a neighboring atom

Answer 4

London Dispersion forces

Question 5

the attraction of the positive end of one polar molecule to the negative end of another polar molecule

Answer 5

Dipole-Diplole forces

Question 6

a particularly strong type of dipole-dipole force that occurs when hydrogen is attached to nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine. Water is an example of a substance in which ______ occurs.

Answer 6

Hydrogen Bonding

Question 7

resistance of a liquid to increase in surface area
measure of the inward forces
liquids with high intermolecular forces have high….?

Answer 7

Surface Tension

Question 8

spontaneous rising of a liquid in a narrow tube
caused by cohesive and adhesive forces

Answer 8

Capillary action

Question 9

intermolecular forces among liquid molecules

Answer 9

Cohesive forces

Question 10

attraction between unlike molecules

Answer 10

Adhesion

Question 11

when water is placed in a glass graduated cylinder, the meniscus is concave
adhesive forces > cohesive forces

when mercury is placed in the same graduated cylinder, the meniscus is convex

cohesive forces > adhesive forces (mercury contains only dispersion forces- nonpolar)

Answer 11

Example of capillary action

Question 12

a resistance to flow
strong intermolecular forces result in high viscosity
large molecules also have high viscosity due to greater LD forces
as temperature increases, viscosity decreases

Answer 12

Viscosity

Question 13

temperature at which the solid and liquid have the same vapor pressure

Answer 13

Melting point

Question 14

temperature at which the vapor pressure is equal to 1 atm (atmospheric pressure)

Answer 14

boiling point

Question 15

Melting and boiling points are higher when…

Answer 15

the intermolecular forces are stronger

Question 16

attractive forces between an ion and a polar molecule
- ions can interact with partial forces/charges

Answer 16

ion dipole