Kinetic Molecular Theory

Question 1

What is kinetic theory of matter

Answer 1

Why matter exists in different states and how matter can change to the next

Question 2

What does the kinetic theory of matter say?

Answer 2

All matter is composed of particles which have certain amount of energy which allows them to move at different speeds depending on the temperature.
There are spaces between the particles and attractive forces between particles when they come close together.

Question 3

Solids

Answer 3

Have little energy
Vibrate in fixed positions
Atoms held closely together in pattern called a lattice

Question 4

Liquid

Answer 4

Energy of atoms increase(more than solids). Particles move further away than that of solids

Question 5

Gas

Answer 5

Gas particles have lots of energy. Are far away from each other. Attractive force between particles are weak.

Question 6

Kinetic moleclar theory based on 6 points

Answer 6

• matter consists of small particles
• particles in constant state of motion
• spaces between particles
• are forces of attraction/ repulsion between particles
• greater the temp more particles move
• particles of different substances have different sizes and masses.

Question 7

Brownian motion

Answer 7

A phenonmenon by which collodial particles are in constant random motion

Question 8

Diffusion

Answer 8

Physical process where a substance moves form an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Question 9

Rate of diffusion depends on two factors

Answer 9

Mass of particles
(Lower the relative molecular mass of gas, the faster the gas will diffuse. )
Temperature of substance
(The higher the temperature of the gas, the faster the gas will diffuse)

Question 10

Chemical change

Answer 10

Break bonds and make new sustance. irreversible

Question 11

Physical changes

Answer 11

A change of substance through physical process. Reversible

Question 12

Freezing

Answer 12

Proces where substance changes form liquid to solid

Question 13

Melting

Answer 13

Process where substance changes from solid to liquid

Question 14

Condensation

Answer 14

Process where substance changes from gas to liquid

Question 15

Boiling

Answer 15

Process where substance changes form liquid to gas (takes place anywhere in the the liquid and requires a certain temperature at a certain pressure, and a continous heating source.

Question 16

Evaportaion

Answer 16

Process where substance chnges from liquid to gas. Occurs on the surface of the liquid.

Question 17

Sublimation

Answer 17

Process where substance changes directly from solid to gas

Question 18

Depostion

Answer 18

Process where substance changes directly from gas ro solid

Question 19

Melting point

Answer 19

Temp at which substance changes from solid to liquid

Question 20

Freezing point

Answer 20

Temp at which substance changes from liquid to solid

Question 21

Boiling point

Answer 21

Temp at which substance changes from liquid to gas

Question 22

Melting and boiling points measured at …

Answer 22

Standard atmospheric pressure (STP)

Question 23

During change of stante…(3)

Answer 23

Kinetic energy remains the same and therefore temp remains contant
Change in the arrangement of particles
Potential energy increases or decreases

Question 24

Pressure

Answer 24

Amount of force exerted per unit area

Question 25

READ OVER HEATING CURVE PG.9

& COOLING CURVE PG.10

Question 26

How can we tell if a sunstance is pure by looking at the melting point

Answer 26

If the melting point is over a temperature range the substance is impure. Gradient = O if substance is pure.

Question 27

When we seperate crude oil we use …

Answer 27

Fractional disstilation

Least dense substances boil at lower temps while the denser subtances boil at higher temperatures

Question 28

Internal energy includes…

Answer 28

Kinetic energy, vibrational energy, rotational energy.

Question 29

Temperature

Answer 29

Measure of average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance

Question 30

Heat

Answer 30

Amount of energy transferred from one body to another spontaneously due to their temperature duffernece.