Kinetic Model of Matter

Question 1

Physical properties of Solids

Answer 1

-Fixed shape and volume

-Usually hard and rigid

-High density

-Incompressible

Question 2

Physical properties of Liquids

Answer 2

-Fixed volume but no fixed shape

-High density

-Not easily compressible

-Assumes shape of container

Question 3

Physical properties of Gases

Answer 3

-No fixed shape and volume

-Low density

-Highly compressible

-Assumes shape of container

Question 4

What is the kinetic model of matter

Answer 4

The kinetic model of matter states that the tiny particles that make up matter are always in continuous motion

Question 5

Distance between molecules (Solids, liquids, gases)

Answer 5

Solids - Packed very closely together

Liquids - Packed closely together

Gases - Far apart

Question 6

Forces of attraction (Solids, liquids, gases)

Answer 6

Solids - Strong intermolecular forces of attraction

Liquids - Strong intermolecular forces of attraction

Gases - Weak intermolecular forces of attraction

Question 7

Motion (Solids, liquids, gases)

Answer 7

Solids - Vibrating about fixed positions

Liquids - Slide past one another

Gases - Random and at high speeds

Question 8

Arrangement (Solids, liquids, gases)

Answer 8

Solids - Regular

Liquids - Random in the liquid

Gases - Random

Question 9

What is Brownian motion

Answer 9

It refers to the random motion of particles, due to the particles moving about randomly and bombarding the suspended particles

Question 10

When temperature increases, particles move (faster/slower)

Answer 10

Faster

Question 11

When temperature decreases, particles move (faster/slower)

Answer 11

Slower

Question 12

As temperature increases, Kinetic energy (Increases/decreases)

Answer 12

Increases

Question 13

Effects of temperature on Brownian motion (skip to ans)

Answer 13

Temperature of air increases -> Average speed of air molecules
-> Impact of air molecules on smoke particles increases -> Smoke particles move faster and change direction more frequently

Question 14

What is gas pressure

Answer 14

It is the force exerted per unit area (on a container)

Question 15

Pressure-Temperature relationship of a gas

Answer 15

-When temperature increases, the molecules gain kinetic energy and hence gain speed

-The air molecules will bombard the walls of the container more forcefully and frequently

-This increases force of molecule on wall

-Therefore, gas pressure inside the container increases

Question 16

Volume-Temperature relationship of a gas

Answer 16

-Same as pressure-temperature relationship

-Since internal gas pressure is greater than external gas pressure, force on inner portion is greater than outer portion of container

-Therefore, there is an outward resultant force resulting in outward motion of container wall

Question 17

Volume-Temperature relationship of a gas (gas container)

Answer 17

-Same as volume-temperature relationship of gas

-Since volume of container increases, there is a decrease in the number of molecules per unit volume

-Molecules hit walls of container less frequently

-This decreases force on inner portion of container

-When internal pressure and external pressure is the same, container wall will stop moving

Question 18

Pressure-Volume relationship of a gas

Answer 18

-When the volume of the gas decreases, the number of air molecules per unit volume increases

-The air molecules will therefore bombard the walls of the container more frequently

-This causes an increase in the force exerted on the walls of the container, and hence an increase in gas pressure