Kinetic Model of Matter

Question 1

What are the assumptions consists in the kinetic model of matter

Answer 1

a) Matter is made up of many particles known as atoms and molecules
b) These particles are in constant motion
c) Attractive and repulsive forces exist between these particles

Question 2

Arrangement of atoms in solid

Answer 2

Closely packed in regular manner

Question 3

Arrangement of atoms in liquid

Answer 3

Closely packed but in random, irregular manners

Question 4

Arrangement of atoms in gas

Answer 4

Far apart and in random, irregular manner

Question 5

Motion of atoms in solid

Answer 5

vibrate about their respective mean positions

Question 6

Motion of atoms in liquid

Answer 6

translation random motion

Question 7

Motion of atoms in gas

Answer 7

random free motion at a great speed colliding elastically with each other and the walls of the container

Question 8

Forces between atoms in solids

Answer 8

Strong attractive and repulsive forces

Question 8

Forces between atoms in solids

Answer 8

Strong attractive and repulsive forces

Question 9

Forces between atoms in liquid

Answer 9

weaker attractive and repulsive forces

Question 10

Forces between atoms in gas

Answer 10

Negligible force between atoms

Question 11

What is Brownian motion

Answer 11

It is the continuous, random and irregular motion of particles

• e.g: smoke particles in the air or pollen grains in water
• Can be observed in a smoke cell using a microscope
• Provides evidence for the kinetic theory of matter in both gases and liquids

Question 12

What is the cause of the random motion of smoke particles?

Answer 12

due to the imbalance in forces produced by the air molecules striking the smoke particles from different directions

Question 13

What happens if it is at a higher temperature?

Answer 13

The motion of the smoke particles is more vigorous because of the air molecules move faster

Question 14

DIFFUSION

What is diffusion?

Answer 14

Diffusion is another evidence of kinetic model of matter, which states that matter consists of many particles which are in constant motion

Question 15

When does it occur rapidly?

Answer 15

In gases and liquid

Question 16

Effect of heat to solids of the kinetic energy due to their constant vibrations

Answer 16

the kinetic energy of the molecules increases. Molecules vibrate more vigorously and the amplitude of the vubration increases. Hence, temperature increases.

Question 17

Effect of heat to solids potential energy due to the forces between atoms

Answer 17

the potential energy of the molecules increases as the separation between them increases