Kinetic Energy Flashcards
Kinetic molecular theory
All matter is made up of tiny particles and are constantly in motion.
Kinetic energy is the energy of a particle or object due to its motion.
In solids..
particles vibrate slightly but do not change position within a set volume and contain very little kinetic energy.
In liquids..
particles vibrate and can slip and slide past one another within a set volume and contain kinetic energy
In gases..
particles vibrate greatly and move around to take up all the available space and contain lots of kinetic energy
What are the 3 ways kinetic energy can be measured?
Temperature
Thermal energy
Heat
Summarize Temperature
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance. As the movement of particles increases, the average kinetic energy and temperature increase.
Summarize Thermal Energy
Thermal energy is the SUM of kinetic energy of the particles that make up matter
Summarize Heat, how can it be transferred
Heat is the amount of thermal energy that transfers from an area of higher temperature to an area of lower temperature. It can be transferred by Conduction, Convection and Radiation
Summarize Conduction
Conduction is the transfer of energy by direct contact without matter moving. It vibrates and effects one another.
What is a thermal conductor and insulator?
Thermal conductors transfer energy easily (METALS), and insulators with do not transfer energy easily (styrafoam cup).
Summarize Convection
Convection is the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of heated fluids from one place to another. Fluids are liquid and gases.
-Hot material is less dense, cold is more dense
-Less dense rises and more dense sinks
How do Convection Currents work?
The warmer water (lower density) at the bottom of the pot moves up, while the cooler water (higher density) drops down to take its place.
Summarize Radiation
Electromagnetic Radiation is the transfer of energy by waves travelling outward in all directions from a source.
What IS heat?
Heat is the energy that flows from one substance to another as a result of a difference in temperature.
Colder substances will.. Hotter substances will..
Colder : Gain energy and increase in temperature
Hotter : Lose energy and decrease in temperature
