Kinesiology Semester 1 Final Flashcards
the ankle motion that decreases the angle between your shin and your foot, or pulling your toes up towards you, is considered which range of motion?
dorsiflexion
which type of muscle contraction is involved if the primary muscle is shortening during the movement?
concentric
the attachment site of a muscle is located on the non-moving bone is called the
insertion
the distal attachment where the muscle attaches to bone is called the
insertion
within ankle range of motion, the ankle can move up, down, in, or out depending on several muscles. The movement that moves your ankle out is called
eversion
the prime mover has accessory muscles or teammates that help with that movement. These muscles that assist the primary muscle are called
synergists
ankle movement that points your toes away from you is
plantarflexion
defined as muscles that is mainly responsible for the joint action or the prime mover
agonist
describes the muscle(s) that performs the opposite joint action of the prime mover
antagonist
ankle motion involved that moves your toes toward the midline
inversion
muscle is the prime mover of the ankle into the dorsiflexion
anterior tibiallis
which muscle is a synergist for ankle inversion
posterior tibiallis (or flexor hallicus longus)
during a seated calf raise with your knees bent, which muscle is prime mover of ankle plantarflecion
soleus
prime movers in ankle eversion
peroneals
attachment site of muscle is located on the non-moving bone involved with that particular joint action
origin
muscle responsible for our ability to curl our toes
flexor digitorum
along with the posterior tib, muscle helps to perform ankle inversion and plantarflexion
flexor hallicus longus
when doing an anterior tib raise during shin splint rehab (lifting your toes off the ground) where should you feel majority of the muscle burn
front of shin
tendon of the muscle can be felt in front of the ankle, especially during resisted dorsiflexion
anterior tib
muscles that are located on the lateral portion of your lower leg
peroneals
during the landing phase after a jump, which muscles of the lower leg are doing majority of the work?
gastroc, soleus
peroneal muscles run behind the lateral malleolus of the ankle, what two motions do the peroneals help to perform
eversion, plantarflexion
second function of the peroneal muscle group other than ankle eversion
plantarflexion
during an active calf raise (lifting your heels of the ground), the prime movers are the gastroc and soleus. Which type of contraction are they performing?
concentric (shortening)
muscles that assist with plantarflexion and inversion, run behind which bony structure?
medial malleolus
five posterior muscles that affect the knee
popliteus, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris, gastrocnemius
posterior muscle that attaches to the lateral head of the fibula
biceps femoris
of hamstring muscles
3
structure that the hamstring muscles attach to
ischial tuberosity
2 hamstring muscles that attach on or near the medial tibial condyle
semitendinosus, semimembranosus
muscle of the adductor muscle group, included within the pes anserine group
gracillis
muscle group acts as the extensors of the knee
quads
muscles of the anterior thigh connect to the lower leg via what structure?
tibial tuberosity
lateral structure of the knee inserts on Gerdy’s Tubercle of the tibia helps to provide knee stability
IT Band
3 muscles that make up the pes anserine muscle group
semitendinosus, sartorius, gracillis
along with the MCL, which muscle group assists with stabilizing the knee along the medial aspect
adductors
during the lowering phase of a squat or lunge, which type of contraction are the quadriceps performing?
concentric (force applied)
while performing a vertical jump, force is applied into th3e ground by a triple extension of the lower body, what type of contraction are the hamstrings doing?
eccentric
which bone does the gluteus medius muscle originate from?
Ilium
bones of the pelvis include the ilium, ischium, pubis, sacrum, and coccyx. Which bone is an attachment site for the piriformis muscle?
sacrum
muscle group originating on pubic bones of your pelvis, and running from your groin along the medial thigh are called your adductors. Which adductor muscle has the most proximal insertion onto the femur?
adductor brevis
with an insertion onto the proximal femur, which muscle acts to perform hip flexion and lumbar flexion?
PSOAS Major
the gluteus medius muscle attaches to the greater trochanter on the lateral side of the femur, therefore this muscle as a whole must perform what joint action of the hip?
abduction
4 muscles located along the anterior portion of the hip
sartorius, rectus femoris, PSOAS, Iliacus
as one of your hip flexors, which muscle sits along the inside portion of your ilium
iliacus
the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus muscles all perform extension of the hip. What bony structure do these muscles originate from?
ischial tuberosity
what tenor fascia lata or TFL muscle is located behind your front pocket and attaches to what other commonly known structure?
IT Band
along with the adductor muscles, what muscle originates on the pubis ramus and inserts on the medial tibial condyle or pes anserine?
gracillis
as your primary hip extensor, which muscle inserts on the posterior femur?
gluteus maximus
which muscle of your hip flexor muscle group actually attaches to your lumbar spine?
PSOAS Major
What is the bony part in front of your hips that can be palpated or felt easily?
ASIS
which part of the ilium bone does the sartorius attach to?
Iliac Spine
along with the glute muscles, helps with external rotation of the hip
piriformis
which muscle of the anterior hip helps to flex, slightly abduct, and externally rotate the hip?
sartorius
as your primary hip extensor, this muscle inserts on the posterior femur
gluteus maximus
