Kinesiology Flashcards
Muscle of the face.. located in cheek area… Originates on the Alveolar Processes of the Mandible and Maxilla, & inserts onto the angle of the mouth and the Orbicularis Oris… Assists in chewing
Buccinator
Primary action of mastication… muscle of the face that attaches to the mandible.. originates on the zygomatic arch and maxilla and inserts onto the coronoid process and ramps of the mandible.. Primarily involved in TMJ along with Temporalis and Pterygoid
Masseter
Muscle of the cranium.. inserts onto the coronoid process of the Mandible. “Coronoid” means “resembling the crown”… inserting onto the Mandible allows the Temporalis to assist in mastication along with Master… TMJ associated.
Temporalis
Muscle posterior of the neck, named after its action and insertion. . Originates on the Transverse Process of C1-C4 and inserts onto the Superior Angle of the Scapula… one of the prime movers of scapular elevation… may slightly downwardly rotate the scapula.
Levator Scapulae
Muscles of the anterior neck.. Splits into 3 parts and all 3 are different sizes… Originates on the Transverse Process of C1-C7 and inserts onto Ribs 1 and 2.. Unilaterally, laterally flex the cervical vertebrae, bringing ear to the shoulder.. Also elevate the ribs. Bring the neck into flexion. Associated conditions Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Scalenes
Muscle of the posterior neck, originates on the Spinous Processes of C7-T3.. Inserts onto the Mastoid Process of the Temporal bone, & occipital bone, flexes the neck & rotates the cervical vertebrae to the same side.. assists in extension of the head/neck
Splenius Capitis
Muscle of the anterior neck… has numerous actions, unilaterally rotates the cervical vertebrae to the opposite side of the contraction muscle.. laterally flexes the cervical vertebrae to the same side of the contracting muscle.. It flexes the cervicle vertebrae
Sternocleidomastoid
Muscle of the back, & a member of the rotator cuff muscle group, along with supraspinatus, Teres Minor, & subscapularis… Originates on the infraspinous fossa located on the posterior surface of the scapula. Inserts onto the Greater tubercle of the Humerus.. Primarily responsible for lateral rotation, extension, & horizontal abduction of the shoulder.
Infraspinatus
RC muscles: supraspinatus,Teres Minor, subscap, & infraspinatus
Muscle of the back, widest muscle in the body… originates on the Iliac crest, thoracolumbar aponeurosis, & the spinous processes of T7-T12, inserts onto the Medial lip of the intertubercular groove. Primarily responsible for performing adduction of the shoulder… rotates and extends the shoulder. May also elevate the hip. Often referred to as “Swimmers Muscle”
Latissimus Dorsi
LATS
a group of 3 muscles, part of the erector spine group, originates on the Transverse processes of L1-L5, the iliac crest and the sacrum. Originates on the TP of T1-T5…. Laterally flexes the trunk & longissimus extends the trunk
Longissimus
Muscle of the back… originates on the Posterior surface of the sacrum, posterior superior iliac spine, Mamillary Process of L1-L5, the transverse process of T1-T12, & the articular process of C4-C7, insert on the TP of C2-L5, essentially the entire vertebral column, Unilaterally, will laterally flex the trunk, rotate the trunk.. Bilaterally, extends the trunk
Multifidus
A muscle of the lower back named after its shape, originates from the Iliac crest and inserts on the 12th rib & transverse processes of L1-L4… Unilaterally will assist in lateral flexion of the trunk, Bilaterally extends the trunk
QL
A major and minor that are named after the shape(Rhombus), Major originates on the Spinous processes of T3-T5, Minor originates on the Spinous Processes of C7-T2. They insert onto the medial/vertebral border of the scapula… When they contract they pull the scapula towards the vertebrae. This action is known as retraction/adduction.
Rhomboids
Group of muscles that span the entire vertebral column. Named after their action, originate on the Transverse process of C1-L5, insert onto the Spinous Processes of the vertebrae. Unilaterally, rotators will rotate the trunk to the opposite side, bilaterally the rotators assist in extension of the trunk
Rotatores
Two muscles, located on the back. Each muscle is named after its location. Spinalis Thoracis, Spinalis Cervicis. Thoracis orginates on the Spinous Processes of T11-L2, Spinalis Cervicis originates on the Nuchal Ligament and Spinous Process of C7, Spinalis Thoracis inserts onto the Spinous Processes of T3-T8, Spinalis cervicis inserts onto the spinous processes of C2.
Spinalis
Muscle of the back named after its location. Originates on the Subscapular Fossa, located on the anterior surface of the scapula. Inserts onto the lesser tubercle. Is part of the rotator cuff muscle group along with Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, and Supraspinatus. A synergist to LATS performing the same action. Adduction, extension, and medial rotation
Subscapularis
Muscle of the back named afters its location. Originates on the Supra-spinous fossa. Inserts onto the greater tubercle. Part of the rotator cuff muscle group. One primary action: Abduction to the shoulder. Synergist to the deltoid. If a person suffers from a torn rotator cuff it likely involves this muscle more than the others.
Supraspinatus
A muscle of the back. Originates on the inferior angle of the scapula and inserts onto the medial lip of the inter tubercular groove. Shares insertion with LATS. Both muscles perform the same actions, medial rotation, extension, and adduction of the shoulder. “Teres”-“round and long”
Teres Major
Muscle of the back, originates on the lateral axillary border of the scapula. Located next to the axillary. Inserts onto the greater tubercle, teres minor is a member of the rotator cuff muscle group along with infraspinatus, subscap, supraspinatus. This muscle and infraspinatus located immediately next to one another. Sometimes fuse together. Performs: lateral rotation, extension, and horizontal abduction
Teres Minor
Large muscle of the back, named after its share. Most superficial muscle of the back. Originates on the external occipital protuberance of the occipital bone, & the spinous processes of T1-T12. Inserts on the acromion process the spine of the scapula and lateral 1/3 of clavicle. Divided into 3 sections. when contracting, upper trapezius assists in elevation of the scapula, when contracting middle trapezius assists in retraction/adduction of the scapula. when contraction lower traps depresses the scapula.
Trapezius
Largest of the chest. Pector/o means breast or chest. Originates on the Medial half of the clavicle, the anterior surface of the sternum, the costal cartilage of ribs 1-6. Inserts onto the lateral lip of the intertubercular groove. Contracting the pectoralis major has multiple actions. Flexion, medial rotation, and horizontal adduction of the shoulder.
Pectoralis Major
Muscle of the chest, originates from the anterior surface of ribs 3-5. Inserts onto the coracoid process,
Pectoralis Minor
Muscle of the chest, named after its appearance. “Serratus” means “finely notched edge”, originates from the anterior surface of ribs 1-8. Inserts onto the anterior surface of medial vertebral border of the scapula. Contracts moves the scapula anteriorly, producing protraction/abduction. May assist in depression of the scapula.
Serratus Anterior
A muscle of the abdomen named after one of its actions.. Located between the abdomen and thorax, separating the two body cavities. Originates on the sternum, Xiphoid process, inferior 6 ribs and L1-L3. Responsible for inhalation.
Diaphragm
