Kinematics in One Direction

Question 1

kinematics

Answer 1

the study of describing motion

Question 2

distance traveled

Answer 2

length of the path travelled (d.t.)

Question 3

displacement

Answer 3

a measurement of the line distance from the initial position to the final position (∆x)

Question 4

ratio

Answer 4

a comparison of one quantity with another

Question 5

average speed

Answer 5

the ratio of the distance travelled over the time interval (d.t./∆t)

Question 6

instantaneous speed

Answer 6

the average speed when there is constant speed

Question 7

constant speed

Answer 7

when the average speed doesn’t change over a time interval

Question 8

average velocity

Answer 8

a quantity that measures the ratio of the line distance from the initial position to the final position over the time interval and must include direction (AV)

Question 9

equation for average speed

Answer 9

d.t./∆t

Question 10

equation for average velocity

Answer 10

(xf - xi)/(tf - ti)= ∆x/∆t

Question 11

instantaneous velocity

Answer 11

the average velocity when there is constant velocity

Question 12

constant velocity

Answer 12

1. when the AV doesn’t change over a time interval
2. when the IV doesn’t change over a time interval
3. when the AS is constant and the object doesn’t change direction

Question 13

opposite direction

Answer 13

180º away from the 1st direction

Question 14

uniform motion

Answer 14

constant velocity

Question 15

negative average velocity

Answer 15

the object is moving in the opposite direction

Question 16

magnitude

Answer 16

amount

Question 17

GUESF process

Answer 17

1. Given
2. Unknown
3. Equation
4. Substitute
5. Final

Question 18

coordinate system

Answer 18

a method to determine the location of an object

Question 19

sign convention

Answer 19

completely arbitrary way to designate the direction of something

Question 20

vector quanitity

Answer 20

things that we measure that have magnitude and direcition

Question 21

scalar quantity

Answer 21

things that we measure that have ONLY magnitude NO and direcition

Question 22

average acceleration

Answer 22

a quantity that measures the change in instantaneous velocity over a time interval (∆v/∆t)

Question 23

equation for average acceleration

Answer 23

(vf - vi)/(tf - ti)=(∆v/∆t) also vf = vi + a(bar) * ∆t

Question 24

accelerometer

Answer 24

an instrument that tells you the direction of average acceleration

Question 25

direction of the average velocity

Answer 25

the same as the direction in which the object is moving

Question 26

what you need to know to determine direction of acceleration

Answer 26

1. whether or not the velocity is increasing or decreasing

2. direction of the velocity

Question 27

what you need to know to determine direction of velocity

Answer 27

1. direction that the object is moving

Question 28

if the velocity is increasing…

Answer 28

…then the direction of the average acceleration is the same as the direction of the velocity.

Question 29

if the velocity is decreasing…

Answer 29

…then the direction of the average acceleration is the opposite as the direction of the velocity.

Question 30

the acceleration is positive when…

Answer 30

…the velocity is:

1. increasing and positive or
2. decreasing and negative

Question 31

the acceleration is negative when…

Answer 31

…the velocity is:

1. increasing and negative or
2. decreasing and positive

Question 32

increasing

Answer 32

going from 0 to something

Question 33

decreasing

Answer 33

going from something to 0

Question 34

inclined track

Answer 34

a non horizontal track

Question 35

angle of incline

Answer 35

the angle at which the plane/track is inclined (θ)

Question 36

constant acceleration

Answer 36

when the average acceleration for any given time interval is the same within that time interval

Question 37

instantaneous acceleration

Answer 37

the acceleration at any instant when the average acceleration for any given time interval is the same within that time interval

Question 38

volume

Answer 38

a measurement of an object’s space

Question 39

“stuff”

Answer 39

measured using a balance