Kindom Animalia Flashcards
Dorsal
Upper side or back
Anterior
Front region or head
Ventral
Lower side or belly
Posterior
Hind, rear, tail end
Lateral
Side
Coelom
A fluid filled cavity in the body surrounded by the mesoderm. The coelom is found in all vertebrates and many invertebrates
Mesoderm
A layer of epithelial cells that line the body cavity and gut
Peritoneum
A covering membrane found in the coelom that lines the body cavity and covers the internal organs. The peritoneum looks link of like saran wrap.
Pseudo coelom
Fluid filled cavity of variable shape which has no peritoneum
Coelomates
Animals with a fluid filled cavity
Pseudoceolomates
Animals with a fluid filled cavity that has no peritoneum
Acoelomates
Animals without a coelom or a fluid filled cavity
Importance of body cavity
- Provides room for internal organs to be suspended and not be affected by body movements or muscle pressure
- Provides space for internal organs to expand and develop
- Contains fluid (fluid filled cavity) which assists in internal transport of nutrients and gas exchange
Endoderm
Inner layer of cells. Gives rise to digestive tract
Mesoderm
Middle layer of cells. Gives rise to circulatory, skeletal, and reproductive systems.
Ectoderm
The outer layer of cells. Gives rise to the skin and the nervous system.
What percent of animals are invertebrates
80%
Why are arthropods the most successful phyla?
- Adaptations for feeding, reproduction, and movement (spitting enzymes, drill mouth)
- Have a rigid segmented body covered by an exoskeleton made of chitin
- Have pairs of jointer appendages (limbs/ antennae)
- Well organized muscles with definite points of attachment to the exoskeleton
- Body segments fused into different body regions
- Highly developed mouth parts
- We’ll developed nervous systems
- Small body size
- Short life cycle
- Social behaviour (work/ live in large groups)
- Adaptations in appearance
Insect life cycle stages
A. Egg
B. Larva
C. Pupa
D. Adult
Complete metamorphoses
Has four stages
- Egg
- Larva
- Pupa
- Adult
Incomplete metamorphosis
- Egg
- Nymph
- Adult
Which phyla displays pentamorous symmetry
Echinoderms
—> sand dollars, starfish, sea urchins
Which phyla has exoskeleton
Arthropods
What is the body plan for invertebrates?
Have an exoskeleton, ventral nerve chord, dorsal blood vessel, and an open circulatory sustem
What is the body plan for chordates
Chordates have an endoskeleton, ventral blood vessel, closed circulatory system and a dorsal nerve chord
What is a notochord
A rod of cartilage
