Kindom animalia

Question 1

Phylum Chordata classes

Answer 1

Urochordata 
Cephalopod 
Agatha 
Chondrichthyes 
Osteichthyes
Amphibian 
 Reptilian
Aves
Mammalian

Question 2

Pharyngeal slits

Answer 2

Pouches that form in to the embryo 
- give rise to various structure 
~gills
~Eustachian tube
~middle ear
~tonsils
~parathyroid glands

Question 3

Dorsal

Answer 3

Tubular never cord

Question 4

Notochord

Answer 4

1) Redline, semirigid in tissue
2) extends the length of body lying between the gut & nervous system.
3) function to stiffen the body and provide attachment for muscles
4) lost in adults

Question 5

Subphylum Urochordata characteristics

Answer 5

(Tunicates)

• 1600 species
• widespread
• most sessile as adults
• name for tunic
• Only larval forms have chordate hallmarks (adults lose many of the characters)
• During metamorphosis notochord & tail disappear
• dorsal nerve cord is reduced

Question 6

Subphylum Cephalochordada ( Lancelets)
Characteristics

Answer 6

-Slender, laterally flattened, translucent (most about 5-7 cm long)
-live in sandy bottoms of coastal waters
- originally in genus (amphioxus) but by priority are now in genus (branchiostoma)
Mostly called amphioxus

Question 7

Subphylum Cephalochordada form and function

Answer 7

1) has 5 chordate characteristics in a simple form
2) water enters the month driven by cilia in the buccaneers cavity and pharynx
3) water passes through pharyngeal slits where food is trapped in mucus secreted by the endostyle
4) retains larval characteristics throughout life ( no adult stage)

Question 8

Neoteny

Answer 8

Lost its adult stage a reproduced in larval stage (subphylum Cephalochordada)

Question 9

“Fish” biological definition

Answer 9

• an aquatic vertebrate
• have gills
• limbs ( If present; not all have limbs) in the form of find
• skin usually covered in scales
• do not form a mono phyletic group

Question 10

Fish characteristics

Answer 10

• 28,000 living species

- by far the most successful living vertebrates of fish

Question 11

Phylum Chordata characteristics

Answer 11

Notochord
Dorsal
Pharyngeal slits
Postnatal tail

Question 12

Ancestry of fish

Answer 12

1) descended from an unknown free- swimming protochordate ancestor.

Question 13

Classification of fish

Answer 13

• hagfishes- cranium (something covering the he brain) but no vertebrae
• lamprey- cranium and vertebrae
• gnathostomes (jaws)

Question 14

Agnathans characteristics

Answer 14

Two groups of jawless fish
No paired fins
No internal bones
eel-like bodies
Ammocoets larval form ( like Cephalochordate)

Question 15

Class Myxini

Answer 15

Marine scavenger and predators
Nearly blind (locate food by sense of smell and touch)
Feeding 
- entering a dead or dying animal
No larval stage
Extremely mucusy

Question 16

Class petromyzotida (lampreys)
Feeding parasite

Answer 16

Attach to fish by a sucker like mouth
Sharp teeth rasp away flesh
Suck body fluid
- inject anticoagulant 
Drop off when engorged

Question 17

class petromyzotida (lampreys) 
Feeding non- parasitic lampreys

Answer 17

Do not feed as adults
digestive tract degenerates
spawn and die

Question 18

Class Chondrichthyes characteristics

Answer 18

1000 species
- 98%mostly marine
Ancient, but successful group
Skeleton of calcified cartilage

Question 19

Class Chondrichthyes

Answer 19

Sharks and rays
Ancient
Skeleton of calcified cartilage

Question 20

Class Actinopterygii

Answer 20

(Ray-finned fishes)
Long bony fun Rays
Bony skeleton
Most successful group of vertebrates

Question 21

Class sarcopteryii

Answer 21

Muscular lobed fins
Swim bladder with attachment to esophagus
Called lung fishes us they breathe air