kidneys and ADH

Question 1

1. Describe the structure of the glomerulus and Renalcapsule.

Answer 1

The glomerulus is a network of capillaries from the afferent arteriole. The Renal capsule surrounds them and has an inner epithelial layer that are highly adapted (podocytes) to filter the fluid that is forced out of the capillaries.

Question 2

2. How does ultrafiltration occur?

Answer 2

The lumen of the efferent arteriole is narrower than the afferent arteriole, so blood enters the glomerulus capillaries under high hydrostatic pressure. Blood is filtered through the capillary wall, a basement membrane and through filtration slits formed by the podocytes of the Renal capsule. The solution is now called filtrate and is in the lumen of the Renal capsule.

Question 3

3. What substances does ultrafiltration remove from the blood?

Answer 3

Water, glucose, urea, amino acids, fatty acids and ions.