Kidney Test

Question 1

AKI or CKD refers to

Answer 1

Damage to the kidney, more specifically the nephron. The nephron contains GFR

Question 2

Waste products of protein

Answer 2

Urea and Cr

Question 3

Where is protein broken down?

Answer 3

Liver

Question 4

Kidneys produce what two hormones

Answer 4

EPO: helps create RBCs in bone marrow, no EPO being produced leads to anemia because of no RBC
Renin: High Bp, Glomerulus filtering thinks Bp is low so renin is released by kidneys to increase Bp. MAKING BP EXTRA HIGH

Question 5

How is Vitamin D involved?

Answer 5

Kidneys help activate VIT D for calcium to be absorbed, Vit D is being hindered by damaged kidneys so calcium isn’t being absorbed therefore leading to hypocalcemia

Question 6

CKD, Urea is?

Answer 6

elevated

Question 7

CKD, Creatine is?

Answer 7

elevated

Question 8

CKD, Urinary Output is?

Answer 8

Decreased

Question 9

CKD, potassium is?

Answer 9

elevated

Question 10

CKD, phosphate is?

Answer 10

elevated

Question 11

CKD, calcium is?

Answer 11

decreased

Question 12

CKD, magnesium is?

Answer 12

elevated

Question 13

CKD, proteinuria is?

Answer 13

positive

Question 14

CKD, Hypo or hypervolemic?

Answer 14

Hypervolemic!

Question 15

Oligura?

Answer 15

<400mL/day

Question 16

Anuria?

Answer 16

<100mL/day

Question 17

CKD, hematuria is?

Answer 17

positive

Question 18

Pre renal means

Answer 18

before

Question 19

Intra renal means

Answer 19

within

Question 20

Post renal means

Answer 20

after

Question 21

Pre renal

Answer 21

blood flow to kidney is inadequate
Causes:
hypovolemia, decreased cardiac output, hypotension, renal vascular obstruction, hepatorenal syndrome

Question 22

Intra renal

Answer 22

damage to kidney itself
Causes:
tubular necrosis, glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis, vascular- atherosclerotic or embolic disease, vasculitis

Question 23

post renal

Answer 23

obstruction of urine flow
causes mechanical: urinary calculi, BPH, cancer, thrombus
Functional: neurogenic bladder, spinal cord injury, MS

Question 24

AKI diet

Answer 24

decrease fluids, decrease protein, decrease electrolytes

Question 25

CKD diet

Answer 25

decrease fluids, MANAGE PROTEIN, ADEQUATE CARBS

Question 26

Main causes of CKD:

Answer 26

HTN and diabetes

Question 27

CKD is classified as

Answer 27

longer than 3 months

Question 28

Azotemia is

Answer 28

build up of urea in the blood

S/S nausea and vomiting

Question 29

Asterixis

Answer 29

hand flapping

Question 30

decreased GFR means

Answer 30

increased UREA

Question 31

ammonia causes acid to build up causing

Answer 31

metabolic acidosis

Question 32

Risk factors for AKI

Answer 32

hospitalized pt
older age
hypertension
diabetes
PVD
Liver disease
CKD
prolonged ventilation

Question 33

AKI is a sudden

Answer 33

loss of kidney’s ability to excrete wastes, concentrates urine, manage fluids electrolytes, and acid/base balance

Question 34

Signs and Symptoms of AKI

Answer 34

pulmonary crackles 
dependent or generalized edema
decrease in o2
tachypnea
dyspnea
azotemia
oliguria

Question 35

Complications of PD

Answer 35

Peritonitis
infection at catheter site
loss of albumin
poor dialysis inflow or outflow
hyperglycemia, wt gain
risk for hernia, pulmonary compromise

Question 36

Graft rejection

Answer 36

fever, wt gain, tenderness over graft, decrease UO, increase BUN and Cr,
DOESNT MEAN