Kidney Function & Failure

Question 1

What are the 3 primary functions of kidneys? +1

Answer 1

1. Responsible for excreting non-volatile waste products, including fixed acids
2. Regulating blood volume
3. Regulate blood concentrations of various electrolytes and blood constituents
   Extra: 4. regulating blood pressure

Question 2

Name the 3 processes for urine formation

Answer 2

1. Glomerular filtration
2. Tubular reabsorption
3. Tubular secretion

Question 3

What is:
Proteinuria
Hematuria
Polyuria
Oliguria

Answer 3

Proteinuria: Protein in urine
Hematuria: Blood in urine
Polyuria: Increased urine output
Oliguria: Decreased urine output

Question 4

Normal urine output value?

Answer 4

30-50 ml/hr

Question 5

Extracellular Fluid Electrolyte Values

Answer 5

Na+: 142 mEq/L
K+: 4 mEq/l
Ca++: 5 mEq/L
Mg++: 3 mEq/L
Cl-: 103 mEq/L
HCO3+: 28 mEq/L
Phosphates: 4 mEq/L
SO4 (sulfate ion): 1 mEq/L
Osmolality: 281 mOsm/L

Question 6

Intracellular Fluid Electrolyte Values

Answer 6

Na: 10
K: 140
Ca: <1
Mg: 58
Cl: 4
HCO3: 10
Phosphates: 75
SO4: 2
Osmolality: 281 mOsm/L