Kidney Disorders

Question 1

Inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney characterized by proteinuria, hematuria, decreased urine production, and edema.

Answer 1

Glomerulonephritis (GN)

Question 2

Dilation of the renal pelvis and calices of one or both kidneys resulting from obstruction of the flow of urine.

Answer 2

Hydronephrosis

Question 3

Inflammation of the kidney; a general term that does not specify the location of the inflammation or it’s cause.

Answer 3

Nephritis

Question 4

Disease of the kidneys; a general term that does not specify a disorder.

Answer 4

Nephropathy

Question 5

Prolapse or sagging of the kidney.

Answer 5

Nephroptosis

Question 6

Hardening of the arteries of the kidneys. Also known as renal sclerosis.

Answer 6

Nephrosclerosis

Question 7

Abnormal group of symptoms in the kidney characterized by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema; may occur in glomerula disease and as a complication of many systemic diseases. Also called nephrosis.

Answer 7

Nephrotic syndrome

Question 8

infection of the renal pelvis and parenchyma of the kidney, usually the result of lower UTI.

Answer 8

Pyelonephritis

Question 9

inability of the kidneys to excrete waste, concentrate urine, and conserve electrolytes. may be acute or chronic.

Answer 9

renal failure

Question 10

sudden inability of the kidneys to excrete wastes, resulting from hemorrhage, trauma, burns, toxic injury to the kidney, pyelonephritis or GN, or lower urinary tract obstruction. Characterized by oliguria and rapid azotemia.

Answer 10

Acute renal failure (ARF)

Question 11

CKD is measured in stages of increasing severity, from 1 (mild damage with a normal glomerular filtration rate [GFR]) to 5 (complete kidney failure requiring either dialysis or a renal transplant) stage 5 is also called end-stage renal disease (ESRD)

Answer 11

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) (formerly chronic renal failure)

Question 12

high blood pressure secondary to kidney disease

Answer 12

renal hypertension