Kidney dialysis Flashcards
Where does kindey dialysis take place?
Dialysis machine
What is contained in dialysis fluid?
Salt concentrations that similar to levels in normal blood, glucose concentration equal to level in normal blood as well as water and other substances that should be in the blood
What seperates the dialysis fluid from the person’s blood?
Partially permiable membrane
Why doesn’t glucose move across the membrane and into the person’s blood?
There is no concentration gradient as the dialysis fluid has a glucose concentration equal to normal blood level
What happens if the person’s blood has too little salt?
Salt from the dialysis fluid diffuses from the higher concentration in the fluid to the lower concentration in the blood
Why doesn’t dialysis fluid contain urea?
To establish a concentration gradient, so that urea diffuses from the higher concentration in the blood to the lower concentration in the dialysis fluid
Advantages of a kidney dialysis
It saves lives and gives the patient more time to find a kidney donor
What does kidney dialysis increase the risks of?
Blood clots and infections
What might a person undergoing kidney dialysis need to do?
Have a restricted diet
How is a kidney dialysis time consuming?
It needs to happen two or three times a week and each session lasts several hours
Why do donated kidneys come from a relative?
There is more likely to be a tissue match. The antigens on the organ’s surface must not be recognised as foreign
Why is a kindey transplant a better solution?
It is a long term solution;dialysis will work for a limited amount of time
Difference between the cost of a kindey transplant and a dialysis
A kidney dialysis is more expensive in the long run
Rejection
The patient’s immune system recognises the transplanted kidney as foreign because it has different antigens on its surface. The kidney is attacked
What reduces the risk of rejection?
Drugs known as immunosuppressants, which stop white blood cells working efficiently
