Kidney

Question 1

Hemodynamic mediated renal injury

Answer 1

ace-inhibitors, ARBs, NSAIDs, SGLT2 inhibitors, calcineurin inhibitors

Question 2

Pre-renal

Answer 2

Diuretics

Question 3

Glomerulonephritis

Answer 3

gold, allopurinol

Question 4

ATN

Answer 4

aminoglycosides, amphotericin B, IV contrast media

Question 5

AIN

Answer 5

penicillins, PPIs, NSAIDs, sulfa drugs

Question 6

Vasculitis

Answer 6

PTU, cocaine, phenytoin, allopurinol

Question 7

Nephrolithiasis

Answer 7

topiramate, furosemide, acyclovir, sulfonamides, allopurinol

Question 8

Gentamicin/tobramycin goal trough

Answer 8

</= 2 mg/L

Question 9

Amikacin goal trough

Answer 9

< 8 mg/L

Question 10

EIAD

Answer 10

goal trough: undetectable
optimizes Cmax/MIC (improved efficacy)
minimizes Cmin (reduced nephrotoxicity is possible

Question 11

AIN treatment

Answer 11

stop offending agent and treat with steroids

Question 12

Vanco associated AKI

Answer 12

-risk: trough 15-20, AUC > 600, daily dose > 4g, duration of therapy over 7 days, vanco + pip/tazo

Question 13

Rhabdomyolysis

Answer 13

-intra tubular obstruction
-drugs: statins and statin fibrate combos

Question 14

Lithium

Answer 14

irreversible
-can cause diabetes incipidus
-avoid interaction with HCTZ
-amiloride 5-20 mg daily (treats polydipsia and polyuria)