Khan Academy

Question 1

Somatostatin

Answer 1

decreases gastric activity

lack of: all gastric cells operate more freely (bc it typically inhibits growth)

Question 2

G cell

Answer 2

makes gastrin–>stimulates parietal cells (maturation and release of HCl)

Question 3

chief cell

Answer 3

pepsinogen

Question 4

gastric distension causes

Answer 4

digestion to keep going

Question 5

odds ratio

Answer 5

+ means as magnitude of one variable inc or dec the other variable changes in same direction

Question 6

Gram + vs Gram -

Answer 6

+=purple=lots of peptidoglycan/thick=techoic acid

-=peptidoglycan sandwiched in middle, many lipid bilayers

Question 7

induced fit theory (about tightness)

Answer 7

enzymes are most tightly bound at transition state/analog of substrate (highest energy state btw)

Question 8

Aldosterone (what, act where, made where?)

Answer 8

increases SALT reabsorption. where salt goes water follows, so it inc BP. (na channel, Na/k atp ase inc)
acts on distal tubule and collecting duct (distal nephron)
made in adrenal glands

Question 9

renal sympathetic nerve firing

Answer 9

dec when BP inc,

low BP=less filtrate=less ions=less osmolarity

Question 10

cortisol and GH both

Answer 10

inc plasma glucose (glucocorticoid)

Question 11

embryo layers
meoderm
endoderm
ectoderm

Answer 11

bone
visceral organs
neural crest (lots of stuff)

Question 12

incidence

Answer 12

“Incidence” refers to new cases per unit of time, typically per year.

Question 13

Ca and phosphate

Answer 13

are inversely related under PTH