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Chemistry > keywords to revise for test > Flashcards

keywords to revise for test Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a hydrocarbon?

A

A hydrocarbon is a compound containing carbon and hydrogen only.

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2
Q

What is a homologous series?

A

A homologous series is a family of compounds with similar chemical properties who share the same general formula.

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3
Q

What is meant by functional group?

A

A functional group is a region of the organic molecule that is largely responsible for the molecule’s chemical properties.

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4
Q

What is an aliphatic hydrocarbon?

A

Carbon atoms are joined to each other in straight chains or branched chains or non-aromatic rings.

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5
Q

What is an alicyclic hydrocarbon?

A

Carbon atoms are joined to each other in ring (cyclic) structures with or without branches.

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6
Q

What is an aromatic hydrocarbon?

A

Some or all carbon atoms are found in a benzene ring.

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7
Q

What is meant by general formula?

A

The simplest algebraic formula for any member of a homologous series.

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8
Q

Give an example of the structural formula:

A

CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3

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9
Q

Give an example of displayed formula:

A

…

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10
Q

skeletal formula

A

zigzag lines

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11
Q

What is a saturated hydrocarbon?

A

A saturated hydrocarbon has single bonds only.

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12
Q

What is a unsaturated hydrocarbon?

A

An unsaturated hydrocarbon contains carbon to carbon double bonds.

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13
Q

What is a sigma bond?

A

A covalent bond is formed in alkanes by the overlapping of the ends of p-orbitals.

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14
Q

What is a pie bond?

A

A bond formed between a double bond in alkenes formed by the sideways overlapping of the p orbitals in the carbon atoms.

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15
Q

What shape does a double bond in alkenes have?

And what is the bond angle?

A

Trigonal planar

120

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16
Q

What shape does a double bond in alkenes have?

And what is the bond angle?

A

Tetrahedral

109.5

17
Q

What is a stereoisomer?

A

Stereoisomers have the same structural formula but a different arrangement of atoms in a space.

18
Q

What is E/Z ismomerism?

A

A type of stereoisomerism in which different groups attached to each carbon of a c to c double bond may be arranged differently in space because of the restricted rotation of the c to c double bond.

19
Q

What is meant by the term activation energy?

A

Activation energy is the minimum energy required for a reaction to take place.

Chemistry (5 decks)

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