Keywords Flashcards
Genetic material
Stores information, can be replicated, and undergoes mutations
Nucleotide
Section of DNA made up of sugar, phosphate and a base
Complementary
A always bonds to T
C always bonds to G
Gene
A section of DNA that codes for making a polypeptide
Triplet code
3 bases that code for an amino acid
Chromosome
Thread-like structure made of protein and DNA
Passes hereditary information on
Homologous chromosomes
2 chromosomes determining the same characteristic
ONE FROM MOTHER ONE FROM FATHER
Have exactly the same gene coded
Expressing the same gene
Same gene loci
Genes are in the same order but alleles are different
A MATERNAL AND A PATERNAL CHROMOSOME WHICH REPRESENT THE SAME GENETIC FEATURE
Allele
One of the different forms of a gene
Meiosis
Cell division that produces 4 haploid (HALF THE CHROMOSOMES), genetically different, daughter cells
Locus
Position of a gene on a chromosome
Independent segregation
Homologous pairs randomly separate during meiosis 1, into separate cells
Crossing over
The process where chromatids break and rejoin with their homologous chromosome to exchange alleles
Nucleic acids
Carry the genetic code that determines the order of amino acids in proteins
Semi-conservative replication
The way DNA makes exact copies of itself by unwinding the double helix. Each chain acts as a template for the new strands.
Mitosis
Cell division where 2 daughter cells are produced that have the same number of chromosomes as the parent
