keywords Flashcards
ion
a charged particle produced by the loss or gain of electrons
ionic bond
the electrostatic force of attraction between positively and negatively charged ions
molecule
a group of atoms bonded together
relative atomic mass (Ar)
the average mass of the atoms of an element compared with carbon-12 (which is given a mass of exactly 12). The average mass must take into account the proportions of the naturally occurring isotopes of the element
relative formula mass (Mr)
the total of the relative atomic masses, added up in the ratio shown in the chemical formula, of a substance
mole
the amount of substance in the relative atomic or formula mass of a substance in grams
empirical formula
the simplest ration of elements in a compound
molecular formula
the chemical formula that shows the actual numbers of atoms in a particular molecule
reactant
a substance that is started with before a chemical reaction takes place
product
a substance made as a result of a chemical reaction
word equation
a way of describing what happens in a chemical reaction by showing the names of all reactants and the products they form
symbol equation
a balanced chemical equation showing the formula of each reactant and product in the reaction
balanced (equation)
a symbol equation in which there are equal numbers of each type of atom on either side of the equation
state symbol
the abbreviations used in symbol equations to show if reactants and products are solid (s), liquid (l), gas (g), or dissolved in water (aq)
solid (s)
a state symbol that means the substance has a fixed shape and volume, and cannot be compressed
